212 PRINCIPLES OF ANIMAL NUTRITION. 
ration of green alfalfa to 0.996 upon hay, straw, and oats. The 
averages obtained for different forms of work were as follows: 
Walking, nearly horizontal..............+-- 0.865 
ee up a slight incline..............00. 0.847 
ee “ « steeper incline. ...........+2.-+ 0.900 
Draft, nearly horizontal............4. pobiinanies 0.890 
Walking with load, horizontal.............. 0.840 
S Up INCE ws wee ae sa ae sds 0.893 
Trot, nearly horizontal. ............002eee ees 0.882 
“with load, nearly horizontal............. 0.878 
“ horizontal draft. .... 0.0... cece eee ees 0.927 
The total range of the respiratory quotient in these experiments 
was 0.84 to 0.98. It is thus seen to be higher with herbivorous 
animals, subsisting largely upon carbohydrates, than with the dog. 
Cuance Causep py Work.—Chauveau states as the result of his 
investigations upon the origin of muscular power that the per- 
formance of work always increases the respiratory quotient. 
His first experiments * were made upon a man who had fasted 
for sixteen hours. The work consisted in the alternate ascent and 
descent of a staircase, the work of ascending being equal to about 
29,000 kgms. in the seventy minutes of the experiment. Samples 
of the expired air were taken by the Tissot apparatus + for five 
minutes at a time at intervals during the’work and the respiratory 
quotient determined by a comparison of its composition with that 
of the normal atmosphere. The following were the results for the 
respiratory quotient: 
Immediately before work..............005 0.75 
First to fifth minute. ... 20.0.2... cc. ceseeee ee 0.84 
Tenth to fifteenth minute................... 0.87 
Fortieth to forty-fifth minute................ 0.95 
Sixty-fifth to seventieth minute............ 0.74 
* Comptes rend., 122, 1163. 
{ Archives de Physiol., 1896, p. 563. The apparatus is of the Zuntz type. 
