4 SELECTED WESTERN FLORA 



III. EQUISETACE^ (Horsetail Family). 



Rush-like plants from a perennial creeping rootstdck; stems 

 hollow, jointed, and sheathed at the joints. 



1. EQUISETUM. Horsetail. 



Stems simple or branched, the nodes solid and surrounded by a 

 toothed sheath; fruit borne in a terminal cone-shaped organ formed 

 by a number of shield-like bodies, closely fitted together, and 

 bearing the sporangia on their inner surfaces. 



1. E. arvgnse, L. Common HdBSETAiL. 



Fertile stems 2-10 in. high, simple or with very few branches, destitute of 

 chlorophyll; sterile stems green and profusely branched, the branches 

 springing in whorls from the nodes. Wet places, common. 



2. E. fluviitile, L. Pipes. 



Stems 3 in. -4 ft. high, sparingly branched, all green and bearing on the 

 top the fruit, which soon falls off, leaving a withered tip. Deep, damp soil, 

 common. 



DIVISION II. SPERMATOPHYTA. 

 (Phanerogams, or Flowering Plants.) 



Plants bearing flowers with stamens or pistils or both, and 

 reproducing by seeds. 



SUBDIVISION I. GYMNOSPERM^. 



Seeds naked at the base of a scale. 



IV. PINACE.^; (Pine Family). 



Trees or shrubs with a resinous juice, and mostly entire needle- 

 shaped leaves; flowers borne in a scaly catkin which at maturity 

 becomes a cone, or else berry-like by the scales becoming fleshy; 

 seeds naked, at the base of each scale; mostly evergreen. 



1. PINUS. Pine. 



Cones formed of imbricated woody scales maturing the second 

 year, and spreading when ripe, allowing the seed to fall; leaves 

 never springing singly from the branch, when in 2's the pair forming 

 a cylinder, when in more than 2, each triangular. 



