20 SELECTED WESTERN FLORA 



1. T. cernuum, L. 



Flower white, turning pink ; petals"recurved ; peduncle curved downward 

 so that the flower is usually hidden by the large foliage leaves. May or 

 June. Moist woods, Man. 



11. POLYGONATUM. Solomon's Seal. 



Perianth 6-lobed; stamens 6, inserted about the middle of the 

 tubular perianth, included; ovary 3-celled with two ovules in each 

 cell; style slender, jointed, and easily dropping off at the joint; 

 berry black in our species. Perennial herbs with simple stems from 

 knotted rootstocks, bearing nearly sessile or half-clasping simple 

 leaves; flowers axillary, greenish, nodding, on jointed pedicels. 

 1. P. commutatum, (R. and S.) Dietr. Great Solomon's Seal. 



Stem stout, 1-4 ft. high; leaves ovate, clasping below, sessile or nearly so 

 above; peduncle several-flowered. Wooded river banks, ManI and west- 

 ward. 



12. SMILAX. 



Leaves simple, prominently ribbed, petioled, net-veined; flowers 

 dioecious; perianth segments similar, separate, deciduous, greenish 

 yellow; stamens of pistillate flowers on- the base of the perianth; 

 ovary in fertile flowers 3-celled, with 1 or 2 ovules in each cell; 

 stigma almost sessile; inflorescence an umbel on an axillary pe- 

 duncle ; fruit a berry. Shrubby or herbaceous plants with tendrils 

 on the petioles. 

 1. S. herbScea, L. Caerion Flower. 



Stem herbaceous, often tall and climbing; leaves ovate, smooth, 7-9- 

 nerved; peduncles usually exceeding the leaves; flowers carrion-scented; 

 berries black with a bloom. Rich woods and thickets, Man. and Sask. 



13. ERYTHRONIUM. Dogtooth Violet. 

 Flowers large, nodding, usually solitary ; peri- 

 anth of 6 separate, narrow, colored, recurved 

 segments, each with a gland or groove, and some- 

 times two short projections at the base ; style 

 long, 3-oleft at the apex ; capsule oval or elliptical, 

 3-celled with several seeds in a cell. Low herbs 

 from deep-seated corms or bulbs, and bearing 

 2 leaves at or near the base. 

 Fig. 14. — Ery- 1 . E. parvifl3rum, (Wats.) Gooding. 



thronium gran- Segments of the perianth bright yellow, greenish at 



diflorum. ^-j^g base, strongly recurved ; anthers white or yellow- 



ish. (E. grandifl6rum, var. parviljdrum Wats.) a subalpine species. 

 Rocky Mts. 



