34 SELECTED WESTERN FLORA 



achene enclosed by the large oalyx scale. Rough, twining, perennial 

 herbs. 



1. H. Lupulus, L. Common Hop. 



Leaves 3-5-lobed; the calyx of the fertile flowers sprinkled with some- 

 what resinous grains giving it a peculiar (hop) aroma. Moist places, Man. 

 north to Lat. 53°, and westward in river valleys. 



4. URTICA. Nettle. 



Flowers monoecious or dioecious, in clusters; in sterile flowers 

 sepals 4, stamens 4; in fertile flowers sepals 4, in pairs, the 2 outer 

 smaller, spreading, the two inner enclosing the flattened achene. 

 Herbs with opposite leaves, greenish flowers, and armed with 

 stinging hairs. 



1. 0. gracilis, Ait. 



Perennials; leaves ovate-lanceolate, pointed, serrate; flowers in loose 

 panicles; sparingly armed with stinging hairs. Moist ground, Man.-Alta. 



2. U. dioica, L. Stinging Nettle. 



Resembling the preceding but stouter, the leaves on shorter petioles, and 

 the stems densely beset with coarse stinging hairs. Introduced, but fre- 

 quently found in waste places about towns. 



XXII. SANTALACE.^ (Sandalwood Family). 



Herbs, shrubs, or trees (in our species somewhat woody herbs) 

 with entire leaves ; calyx 4 or 5-olef t, its tube coherent with the 1-celled 

 ovary; ovules 2-4, suspended from the top of the column of a free 

 central placenta; fruit indehiscent, and only 1-seeded, owing to all 

 the ovules not developing. 



1. COMANDRA. Bastard Toad-plax. 



Calyx urn-shaped, erect, having a disk adhering to the base; 

 anthers connected by hairs to the calyx tube. Smooth perennial 

 herbs from a woody base, with alternate leaves and greenish flowers. 



1. C. Richardsiina, Fornald. 



Rootstook spreading near the top of the ground; stems leafy, 4-10 in. 

 high; leaves lanceolate, ascending; inflorescence a sort of corymb, ^ry 

 soil, Man. and Sask. 



2. C. pallida, A. DC. 



Leaves linear or nearly so, glaucous, acute. Dry soil, S. Man. and Sask.- 

 Alta. 



