62 SELECTED "WESTERN FLORA 



racemes; fruit red, turning dark crimaon or 

 brown, and very astringent. Man.-Alta. 



3. P. pennsylvSnica, L. Pin Chebry. 

 A tree 10-30 ft. high, with smooth reddish 



brown bark; leaves oblong-lanceolate, pointed, 

 finely and sharply serrate, bright green and 

 smooth on both sides; flowers in clusters on 

 long pedicels; fruit light red, sour. Man.- 

 Alta. 



4. P. p&mila, L. Sand Cherkt. 



Fig. 47. — Prunus nigra. Stem dwarf or trailing; leaves obovate, 



tapering to the base and toothed near the 

 apex, pale beneath; flowers 2-4 in a cluster; fruit dark red or almost black, 

 sour, and astringent. Sandy land, west to about meridian 106. 



2. SPIREA. Meadow-sweet. 



Calyx 5-cIeft, persistent; petals 5, deciduous; stamens 10-50; 

 pistils 5-8, forming follicles containing several seeds each. Shrubs 

 or shrubby perennial herbs with simple pinnate leaves, and white or 

 rose-colored flowers. 



1. S. salicifalia, L. Common Meadow-sweet. 



Smooth or nearly so, 1-3 ft. high ; leaves wedge-shaped, serrate or doubly 

 serrate; flowers white in a crowded terminal panicle. A somewhat herba^ 

 ceous shrub growing in low ground, common, Man.-Alta. 



3. GEUM. 



Calyx bell-shaped or flat, 5-clef t, with alternating bracts ; petals 5 ; 

 stamens many; aohenes many on a dry receptacle, the styles per- 

 sisting and elongating, feathery or naked, straight or hooked. Per- 

 ennial herbs with lyrate or pinnate leaves, and differing from the 

 PotentiUa chiefly in the elongation of the styles. 



1. G. strictum. Ait. Yellow Avens. 



Stem erect, stout, hairy, 1-3 ft. high; root leaves interruptedly pinnate, 

 of 5-7 leaflets; stem leaves sessile or nearly so, 3-5 leaflets; flowers yellow; 

 styles long, jointed and bent near the middle, the upper portion hairy and 

 deciduous, the lower part naked and becoming elongated and hooked in 

 fruit. Moist prairie and thickets, common, Man.-Alta. 



2. G. macrophyllum, Willd. Large-leaved Avens. 



Stem erect, coarse, hairy, 1-2 ft. high; leaves as in the preceding except 

 that the terminal leaflet of the root leaves is very large, with a rounded 



