566 MR. J. B. LAWES, DR. GILBERT, AND DR. PUGH ON 
seven leaves on each; most have a leaf-like heading stretching upwards; lower leaves 
generally very long, 4 or 5 inches. Roots very little distributed; perhaps alittle deeper 
than the oats; but few deeper than 1} to 2 inches. Soil dry, loose, and porous; flints 
quite open. 
Wheat, Oats, and Barley prepared and analysed as described at pp. 543, 544. 
Plants grown in 1858, with a supply of combined Nitrogen beyond that contained in the 
seed sown. 
No. 9.— Wheat (1858); four seeds; prepared soil; with nitrogenous manure. 
(See Plate XV. fig. 10.) 
April 27. Seeds set, and the pot placed over sulphuric acid, and covered with a glass 
shade. 
May 20.—Four plants up; healthy, green, and growing; about 4 inches high; very 
similar to Wheats No. 1 of this date. 
May 22.—A pipette-ful of the sulphate-of-ammonia solution (=0-004 gramme N.) 
added to the soil. 
May 29.—Four plants, from 4 to 6 inches high. Greener and fresher since the 
addition of the ammonia-solution ; new shoots appearing; only the lowest leaf on each 
yellow. A pipette-ful of the phosphate-solution added. 
June 7.—Second pipette-ful of the sulphate-of-ammonia solution added; and a 
pipette-ful of the phosphate-solution. 
June 19.—Four plants; one with four shoots or stems, and two others with two stems 
each; in all nine stems or plants; 5 to 7 inches high; leaves more healthy, green and 
vigorous. 
June 21.—Third pipette-ful of ammonia-solution added. Plants had begun to show 
the want of available nitrogen. 
June 26.—Fourth pipette-ful of the ammonia-solution added. As intimated May 29, 
the ammonia tends much to new shoots from the base. The four seeds have given— 
No. 1, one stem, with seven leaves: No. 2, two stems, each with six leaves: No. 3, three 
stems, each with five or six leaves: No. 4, four stems, with four, five, or six leaves each: in 
all ten stems. The two lowest leaves dead, the others green and vigorous. More vege- 
table matter from these four seeds, with ammonia, than from the eight (No. 1 Wheat) 
without it. Plants 8 to 11 inches high, and improve with each addition of ammonia. 
July 1.—The shade slightly cracked at the bottom during the night, but still suffi- 
ciently air-tight for changes of temperature to affect the level of the sulphuric acid in the 
bulb-apparatus. Shade replaced by a small one temporarily. An immaterial amount 
of condensed water lost. Many roots found to be distributed through the bottom of 
the pot, and growing in the dish beneath it. 
July 3.—¥ifth pipette-ful of ammonia-solution added. [It is intended that none of 
the plants shall suffer so much for want of combined nitrogen, as in 1857.] Also a 
p:pette-ful of the phosphate-solution added. 
July 12.—Sixth pipette-ful of ammonia-solution added. 
