110 DRY-FARMING 
of a clay soil to a depth of 8 feet to be 19 per cent; 
of a clay loam, to be 18 per cent; of a loam, 17 per 
cent; of another loam somewhat more sandy, 16 per 
cent; of a sandy loam, 144 per cent, and of a very 
Fic. 29. Rainwater moving downward through soil becomes changed 
into a capillary film of water around the soil particles. 
sandy loam, 14 per cent. Leather found that in the 
calcareous arid soil of India the upper 5 feet con- 
tained 18 per cent of water at the close of the wet 
season. 
It may be concluded, therefore, that the field-water 
capacities of ordinary dry-farm soils are not very 
high, ranging from 15 to 20 per cent, with an average 
for ordinary dry-farm soils in the neighborhood of 
