LAGTS KOBENI. 51 



Habitat. — Found abundantly — both living and dead — on the West Sands, St. 

 Andrews, after storms, which evidently displace it from the sand beyond low 

 water-mark (B. M.). In the Minch (J. Gr. J.). Stomach of flounder and plaice, 

 St. Andrews Bay (E. M.). Montrose Bay (Dr. Howden). Blacksod Bay and 

 Ballynakill Harbour (Southern). Extends along both shores of Britain from Shetland 

 to Plymouth. 



Abroad it occurs in Norway, on the Atlantic shores of France (De St. Joseph) in 

 Finmark (Malmgren). Adriatic (Grube) and Mediterranean (Claparede). Calvados 

 (Fauvel). Kieler Bucht (Michaelsen). St. Vaast-la-Hougue (Fauvel). 



The cephalic region (Plate CXII, fig. 2, and Plate OXVIII, fig. 6) is provided with 

 a transverse series of fifteen lustrous golden paleolae on each side. Each is a flattened 

 hollow chitinous process tapering to a delicate tip which is always more or less curved 

 toward the dorsum (Plate CXXIV, fig. 3), the concavity of the curve or coil being 

 minutely crenulate as if from a thinner tissue on that side. Moreover, the point of those 

 in the middle of the series is continued as a long and delicate process, generally coiled. 

 The outer in each series is short, broad at the base and with a long tapering tip, not 

 coiled. The paleolae are finely striated longitudinally and also marked by transverse 

 lines. The second external paleola has its transverse lines arranged in distinct ringed 

 belts, and not scattered indiscriminately. In viewing the paleolae of each side as a whole 

 the distal curve of the outer forms is more marked than that of the inner, and the inner 

 are deeply set in the tissues and moved by powerful muscles, whereas the external 

 paleolae are less deeply implanted. The bases of the paleolae have a slight obliquity, 

 being directed downward and outward on each side. In transverse section the flattened, 

 hollow condition of the paleolae is apparent. Moreover, they became much thinner and 

 more flattened toward the base. They are hard, though somewhat brittle, and the edge 

 of the razor is often notched in making sections. 



When withdrawing itself into the tube the two rows of golden paleolae slightly and 

 symmetrically overlap, for they can both be separated and approximated, and the firm 

 smooth area in front of them forms a platform, the whole performing the part of an 

 operculum. In the living condition in its tube the animal sometimes moves gently 

 outward and inward, the paleolae overlapping as it passes inward with a motion similar 

 to what might be done if, with the wrists fixed, the hands be spread out, then the fingers 

 brought together and one hand moved over the other. 



The anterior dorsal edge above the paleolae is smooth, firm and somewhat hollow, 

 with a marginal rim which forms more than a semicircle externally and it ends in a 

 subulate tentacle ventrally. A notch separates the latter from the veil or frilled membrane 

 to the ventral surface of the paleolae, and the edges of the muscular membrane bear a 

 series of long papillae or fimbriae. This membrane is not attached dorsally to the 

 ventral edge of the rows of paleolae, a firm, transversely elongated area occurring at 

 their base. 



Below and attached to the foregoing veil is a dense series of red-streaked tentacles 

 on each side of the mouth which has a dorsal fold in the middle line and a transverse one 

 behind it. In the median line ventrally is a large central boss, and on each side is a fillet 

 continued upward by a ridge to the long lateral cirrus in front of the branchiae. The 



