140 LANICB CONCHILBGA. 



extremities are rare, probably because the shrimpers have removed them. Plymouth 

 (Spence Bate and R. Rowe) ; not uncommon between tide-marks in Guernsey and Herm; 

 Dublin Bay (Southern) ; on rocky shores, as at Lochmaddy, North Uist, this species is 

 found under stones amongst sponges and other structures ; Firth of Forth (Leslie and 

 Herdman) ; Torquay (Blwes) ; abundant in the stomachs of plaice, and abundant in 

 St. Andrews Bay (B. M.) ; Southport (Carrington and W. 0. M.) ; Shetland (tubes) (Dr. 

 G-wyn Jeffreys) ; Bournemouth, Mus. Leach (British Museum) ; Polperro (British 

 Museum); West Coast of Ireland, Blacksod Bay, etc. (Southern). 



Abroad it extends from the Mediterranean (Delle Chiaje, Claparede, Marenzeller, 

 etc.) to the shores of the North Sea, the Kattegat, Scandinavia, and to Madeira 

 (Langerhans, Fauvel) ; New Zealand ; shores of Cantabria (Rioja) ; St. Vaast-la-Hougue 

 (Fauvel). 



The cephalic region (Plate CXIX, fig. 8) is distinguished by its comparatively small 

 dorsal collar, the rim, however, expanding at each side into a great lateral flap which 

 in some almost meets its fellow of the opposite side in the mid-ventral line behind the 

 lower lip, the outline in this region thus forming a V. In others the union of the lateral 

 regions is more complete ventrally, some fusing so as to form a continuous band with 

 only a slight concavity in front, thus probably indicating the normal condition as a 

 continuous ventral web, the median gap being due to accidents. A marked characteristic 

 is the disposition of the anterior margin of the tentacular surface, for it is contracted 

 into a frilled spout-like border surrounding the mouth except in violent protrusion. 

 Within the aperture are two folds — an outer smaller, and an inner larger, tongue-like 

 fold. Cunningham and Ramage consider the large lower lip and the absence of eyes 

 characteristic of Lanice as contrasted with Terebella. 



The tentacles have the usual grooved structure and form a dense mass of mobile 

 organs. In the centre of the living tentacle under pressure a pale band of muscular 

 fibres proceeds from the base to the tip. The other parts of the wall appear to consist 

 of an inextricable series of muscular fibres, longitudinal, transverse, or circular and 

 oblique. In the interior of the tentacles are numerous cells, but whether free (coelomic) 

 or adherent is not evident, though they do not separate on laceration of the wall. They 

 are slightly yellowish, and to some extent refract the light. When in its native habitat 

 the tentacles are partially protected in extrusion by entering the hollow processes of the 

 fringe of the tube. 



The three branchias form conspicuous and finely branched tufts on each side, the 

 first pair being the largest. All are sub-dichotomously divided, and the terminal divisions 

 are fine, so as to give the arbuscles a characteristic appearance. Moreover, they also 

 have a whorlecl aspect toward the tip. The ultimate divisions are translucent, and have 

 obscure longitudinal stria? with cells and granules in the wall. The first pair are situated 

 on the narrow segment immediately behind the collar, a trace of which is seen in 

 front of the glandular ventral shield. 



The long body is moderately dilated anteriorly, and gently tapered to the tail, 

 at the tip of which is the terminal anus surrounded by a series of marginal papilla?. 

 The segments are numerous, viz., from 200 to 280. The dorsum is rounded, the ventral 

 surface grooved throughout, often with a central ridge, except at the anterior shields, 



