1863.| Remarks on the Bactro-Pali Taxila Inscription. 147 
sage of the record becomes quite clear and satisfactory, and in accord- 
ance with the concluding passage of the Sravasti inscription just 
noticed, The translation of this passage is as follows, “ This monastery 
is the accepted gift of the Mlahdsanghika teachers.” The Mahd- 
sanghikas were one of the principal Buddhist sects, the followers of 
Kasyapa; and the Sarvdstidinas (or Sarvdstivddas) were another 
numerous sect, the followers of Adhula, the son of Sakya Sinha. 
I may notice here that the oft-recurring word read pushae by Ba- 
bu Rajendralal Mitra is properly puyae, for punya, the y being formed 
with a rounded head instead of the usual pointed one. 
Il.—On the place. I rvead the words Chhaharasa Chukhsasa cha 
as giving the name of the district of which Liaka was the Satrap, 
and in which the monument was situated. Chhahara, or rather 
Tshahara as it would be pronounced on the Indus, is very probably 
the original name of the modern Hazara, and Chukhsa of the modern 
Chach. These two names are always joined together in speaking as 
Chach-Hazdra, and it is certain that the inscription was found in the 
district which is called by this joint name. With regard to the situ- 
ation of the village J think that there must be some mistake in the 
copy of the inscription which reads utarena prachu, “in the North 
Hast,’ whereas Hasan Abdal, the place of discovery, is to the North 
West of Manikyala, or Taxila. By dropping the tail of the py, which 
forms the letter 7, the word prachu will become pacham, or West, and 
the description of the place will thus accord with the actual position of 
the site of discovery. 
III.—On the Satrap’s name. I have ventured to translate the 
term Kusuluka, as ‘‘ Red,” because I find that there are no less than 
three kings of the name of Kadphises, who are severally distinguish- 
ed as Kozola, Kara, and Hoemo (or Hima). Where there were so 
many princes of the same name, it became a matter of absolute 
necessity to distinguish the one from the other by some characteris- 
tic epithets. In these names therefore I read the simple distinctive 
epithets of Kazal, J33, Red,—Kara, %,3, Black—and Handw or 
Handdl, 355® White. The last term is of course connected with 
the Sanskrit Hima, and Tibetan Hyun, both of which mean snow. 
In Greek the name is written OOHMO, but in the native character it 
is simply Hima, which I translate as the “ White,” or the “ Fair.” 
Now as all three of these epithets are pure Turki words, the princes 
U 
