258 Memoranda on the Peshawur Valley. [ No. 3, 
in regard to their frequency, the uses to which they are put, &c., 
which seem to deserve attention. 
Ceratocephalus falcatus does not appear to have been previously 
found anywhere at the plain level in India, and I only got a very 
few plants on one occasion in the Peshawur district, at a place where 
I failed altogether to find it in the succeeding season. It occurred 
abundantly in central Waziristan, north west from Dehra Ismail 
Khan, at about 7,000 feet above the sea. 
Delphinium penicillatum is common in the lower hills round the 
valley, but as my specimens were lost, it is not included in the list. 
Cocculus Leaba is a common plant, but only on dry precipitous 
banks, where also (I might almost add where only) Capparis spinosa 
and HKhretia aspera are very generally found. 
~ Immense quantities of Nelumbium speciosum grow in one part of 
the Peshawur marsh, where it has probably been introduced, and 
to which myriads of its flowers give a very gay appearance in July. 
The right of collecting the seeds and roots (the latter dug in Octo- 
ber) is leased out, both being eaten by natives. 
The (new ?) species of Malcolmia is in many parts of the valley 
an abundant weed, and the widespread masses of its pretty purple-lilae 
flowers have attracted the notice of the Huropean residents, by whom 
it is frequently called “ heather.” I have seen itas far east as Hussan 
Abdal, but it is not contained in an extensive collection of plants, made 
by Dr. J. E. T. Aitchison, at and near Jhelum. Specimens of it as well 
as of M. Africana, frequently occur with white flowers. The species of 
Notoceras is also common and may be new. It is a small, inconspicu- 
ous herb. 
I cannot find that Euclidium Syriacum, Alyssum calycinum, Sisym- 
brium Sophia or Neslia paniculata have previously been collected in 
the plains anywhere to the east of the Suliman range. Near Peshawur, 
all except the two last, are with Malcolmia Africana, abundant. 
Oligomeris glaucescens 1s by no means common, nor are Cleome 
Ruta, C. droserifolia, and C. linearis, as I only knew of one or two, 
stations where each of these could be found. 
Capparis aphylla (Sodada decidua, Forsk.) though not universal, is 
in some parts of the district abundant. 
Fliiggea virosa was not found in the valley, the only tree I saw in 
that neighbourhood being Cis-Indus, but it occurs frequently beyond 
the Indus to the South of Peshawur. 
