266 Memoranda on the Peshawur Valley. [| Nowe: 
setacea, Heteropogon contortus, Pennisetum cenchroides, Chloris 
villosa (?), Rottbeellia hirsuta, Andropogon Bladhii, Cenchrus 
echinatus, Eleusine flagellifera, and the species of Pappophorum. 
The proportion of grasses to the whole of the plants collected in 
the Peshawur district, about 60 to 460 (more than one-eighth) 
seems very large when we consider that the number of grasses in 
the Indian Flora to the total number of Phanerogamous species 
found in India, including the Himalaya and Ceylon, is given by 
Hooker and Thomson as about 400 to 12,000 or one-thirtieth. A 
comparatively large number of grasses were also obtained in the 
Trans-Indus districts, hill and plain, south from Peshawur to near 
Dehra Ismail Khan, the proportion to the number of plants collected 
being more than one-tenth (about 65 to 640). 
The Cyperacez are also numerous at Peshawur, about 20 to 460 
species; I am not aware that any of them is applied to any special 
economical purpose. 
Of Ferns, Adiantum Capillus Veneris is common on the sides of wells 
(as it is in the N. W. Provinces, though Royle does not mention it 
as found there,) and in shady places by ditches, &c. ; Pteris longifolia 
and Lastrea Thelypteris (?) are both uncommon. 
Marsilea quadrifolia and Equisetum debile are both profuse in 
damp places, as are Riccia natans, R. fluitans, and Azolla, floating on, 
and Chara, immersed in water. 
In bringing toa conclusion these notes on the Peshawur Flora, 
I have to express my exceeding regret that owing to various unavoid- 
able causes, so many of the species should still remain unidentified. 
As among these there will probably be a considerable number new to 
India, when circumstances permit of their identification, I may beg 
for admission into the Journal of the Society of a corrected list with 
remarks, so as to furnish a more complete view of the Flora than is 
at present possible. Meanwhile I have preferred sending the present 
imperfect paper, to incurring the indefinite delay that may occur 
before all the species can be thoroughly compared and named with 
certainty; knowing as I do from bitter experience, from how much 
vexation the possession of even such a catalogue as I have been able 
to give here, would save the tyro in Indian botany who commences 
his labours in the Upper Punjab. 
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