Archeological Survey Report. XXXVI 
tomb. The inscription I believe to be in the Armenian character ; 
but though it does not appear to be old, probably not more than fifty 
or a hundred years, yet I could not obtain any information regarding 
the tombs. 
94, The cyclopean walls of the old fort are very curious ; but as 
the fort has been fully described by Buchanan, it is unnecessary for 
me to do more than make this mention of it. 
X.—GHOSRAWA. 
95. <A Buddhistical inscription from Ghosrawa, a village to the S. 
S. W. of Bihar, distant 7 miles, was first discovered by Major Kittoe, 
who published a translation of it made by Dr. Ballantyne, in the 
Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Vol. XVII. Part I. p. 492. 
This inscription is a very important one for the illustration of the 
later history of Buddhism, as it mentions the existence, somewhere 
about the 8th or 9th century, of several of the most famous places of 
the Buddhists. For instance, it mentions, 1st, the Kanishka monas- 
tery in the City of Nagarahara, close to Jelalabad in the Kabul 
valley ; 2nd, the Vajrasan, or Diamond throne of Buddha, at Buddha 
Gaya; 38rd, the Indra-Sila peak, which I have already identified ,with 
Giryek ; 4th, the Viharin Nalanda, the city of Yaso Varmma, This 
part of the translation, however, requires revision, as the name of 
Nalanda, which occurs twice, has in both instances been rendered as 
if it was merely a term for some ascetic posture, instead of the proper 
name of the town which contained the most famous monastery in all 
India. I will submit this inscription for retranslation. 
96. The other remains at Ghosrawa are few and unimportant. There 
is a mound of brick ruin touching the village, and a small temple on 
a low mound with some broken figures between Ghosrdwa and the 
small village of Asanagar. The inscription obtained by Major Kittoe 
is now fixed in the wall of this temple. At the western foot of the 
Ghosrawa mound there is a four-armed standing male statue of life size, 
inscribed with the usual formula of the Buddhist faith. In the upper 
right hand there is'a necklace, but the lower hand is open, the upper 
left hand holds a lotus, and the lower hand a bell. There is a small 
figure of Buddha in the head dress of the statue, from which I believe 
that this figure represents Avalokiteswara, as Hwen Thsang describes 
a similar statue at the Kapotika Sangharama. The characters of the 
inscription do not seem to me to be later than A. D. 800, 
