Archeological Survey Report. XXX1X 
important inscription is very much to be regretted; but luckily I 
possess a transcript of it in modern Nagari, which Major Kittoe 
himself gave me in 1850. This is now being translated by Babu 
Rajendralal Mitra. 
XIII.—Barapar. 
101. At 16 miles to the north of Gaya, or 19 miles by the road, 
there are several groups of granite hills, called Aawwa-Dol, Bardbar, 
Nigarjunt, and Dhardwat. All of these possess some Buddhistie 
remains, but the most interesting are the caves of Bardbar and 
Nagérjunt, which were hewn out of the solid rock upwards of two 
thousand years ago. 
102. Kauwa-Dol is a detached hill nearly one mile to the south- 
west of the main group of hills, and just six miles to the east north- 
east of the Belah Dak bungalow. ‘This hill is quite inaccessible, as 
it is formed entirely of huge masses of granite piled precipitously 
above one another, and crowned with a single lofty block that frowns 
grandly over the plains below. It is said that this pinnacle was 
formerly topped by another block, which was so nicely balanced that 
it used to rock even when a crow alighted upon it. Fyrom this belief 
the hill acquired the name of Aawwa-Dol, or the “ crows’ swing.” 
103. At the northern foot of the Kauwa-Dal there has formerly 
been a temple of hewn granite. A large village must also once have 
existed on the north and east sides of the hill, as the foot of the hill, 
which is considerably raised above the fields, is strown with broken 
bricks, hewn stones, and fragments of pottery. ‘There are several 
Muhammedan tombs on this mound, built chiefly of pillars and other 
squared and ornamented stones of some Hindu temple. The name of 
this old place is said to have been Samanpur. Major Kittoe, however, 
was told that this name applied only to the northern portion of the 
ruins, the eastern portion being called Sarain. 
104. On the rocks of the northern face of the hill, numerous rude 
figures have been sculptured. One of these is a figure of Ganes, 23 
feet high, beside a lingam. Several of them represent Gawri-Sankar 
or Hara-Gauri; but the most common of these sculptures is the 
favourite figure of the four-armed Durga slaying the Aahesasyr, or 
Buffalo demon. In her two right hands she holds a sword and 
a trident, and in her upper left hand a shield, while her lower 
left hand grasps the tail of the buffalo, All of these are Brah- 
