lu Archeological Survey Report. 
former town of Dharawat. In the north-west corner of this mound 
there are two small eminences, which may be the remains of temples, 
but as the surface of the mound now presents nothing but small 
fragments of bricks, all the larger bricks having been removed to 
furnish materials for the present village, it is quite impossible to 
say what kind of buildings may once have stood upon it. All 
that can be inferred, I think, from the present remains, is that 
Dhardwat must at one time, probably about the Sth or 9th century, 
have been the seat of a considerable Buddhist community. Major Kié- 
toe paid a hurried visit to Dharawat by moon-light. He notices the 
twelve-armed figure, which he calls a Buddhist sculpture, as being 
very remarkable. 
XIV.— BEsaru. j 
181. The village of Besdrh, aur, is situated 27 miles a little to 
the east of north from Patna, and 20 miles from Hajipur on the left 
bank of the Ganges. Both the distance and direction from Patna 
point to this place as the representative of the ancient Vaisdli. ‘The 
name also is the same, as it is written Besdr by Abul Fasl in his 
Ayin Akbary (Gladwin II. 198). Now Hwen Thsang places the 
King’s palace in Vaisali at from 124 to 185 lz (20 to 22 miles) to 
the east of north from the northern bank of the Ganges opposite 
Pataliputra, that is, from the present Hajipur. He also describes 
the King’s palace as being from 4 to 5 dz (from 3,500 to 4,400 feet) 
in circuit, which agrees with the size of the ruined fort now called 
Rija Bisdl-ka-gurh, which is 1,580 feet long and 750 feet broad 
inside, or 4,660 feet in circuit round the erest of the mound. This 
almost perfect coincidence of name, position, and dimensions, seems 
quite sufficient to place the identification of Besarh with Vaisali 
beyond all reasonable doubt. I will therefore now proceod to de- 
_seribe the objects of interest that still remain in Besarh and the 
neighbouring village of Bakhra, which will afford further proof of 
the identity of Besarh and Vaisali. 
132. These ruins were visited by Mr. J. Stephenson in 1834, 
and described by him in Prinsep’s Journal for 1835, p. 128. They 
consist of two distinct groups, one at Besarh itself, and the 
other, 2 miles to the north north-west of Besarh, and 1 mile to the 
south-east of Bakhra. But the whole of these must have belonged to 
the ancient Vaisali, as Hwen Thsang describes the old foundations of 
