Archeological Survey Report. hit 
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the city, although even then much ruined, as occupying a circuit of 
from 60 to 70 di or from 10to 12 miles. Now an oblong square, 32 
miles from north to south, and 23 miles from west to east, making a 
circuit of exactly 12 miles, would include both Bakhra and Besarh 
and all the remains that are at present traceable. This of itself would 
be sufficient to show that the Bakhra ruins must have formed part of 
the ancient Vaisali; but the fact will be placed beyond all doubt 
when I come to describe the ruins themselves, which correspond in the 
most remarkable manner with the minute details recorded by Hwen 
Thsang. 
133. The remains at Besarh consist of a large deserted fort, and 
aruined brick stupa. The fort is a large brick covered mound of earth, 
1,589 feet long from north to south and 750 feet broad from west to 
east measured from edge to edge. It has round towers at the four 
corners, and the whole is surrounded by a ditch which was full of water 
at the time of my visit. The ruined ramparts alone the edge, 
and the four towers at the corners, are somewhat higher than the 
mass of the mound, which has a general elevation of from 6 to 8 feet 
above the country. The height of the north-west bastion I found by 
measurement to be 12 feet above the fields, and 15 feet above the 
bottom of the ditch, where it is dry. The main entrance was in the 
middle of the south face, where there still exists a broad embankment 
across the ditch as well as a passage through the rampart. In the 
northern face there was probably only a postern gate, as there is no 
passage through the rampart, and no trace ofany embankment across 
the ditch, excepting the fact that the only dry part of the ditch is on 
this face. The only building within the fort is a small brick temple 
of modern date. 
1384. Outside the south-west angle of the fort, and about 1,000 
feet distant, there is a ruined mound of solid brickwork, 23 feet 8 
inches in height above the fields. The whole ofthe top has been 
levelled for the reception of Musalman tombs, of which the largest 
ascribed to Mir Abdal, is said to be 500 years old. Mr. Stephenson 
gives the name of the saint as Mir Abdullah, and the age of the tomb 
as 250 years. My informant was the Musalman whom I found 
in charge of the tomb. On the south edge of the mond there is a 
magnificent wide-spreading Banian tree, supported on numerous 
trunks, which shades the whole of the tombs. On the same side also 
