Archeological Survey Report. Ix 
pular, I think it probable that the excavation was made by his 
orders. No discovery was made, andif I am right in my identifica- 
tion of this stupa with that which was erected on the spot where 
Buddha announced his previous existence as a Chakravartti Raja, it 
is almost certain that it would not have been the depository of relics 
or of other objects. The monument was in fact only a memorial stupa, 
erected to perpetuate the fame of one of Buddha’s acts, and not a 
sepulchral stupa for the reception of relics. 
155. To the north north-east of the stupa, and rather less than 
half a mile distant, there is a small mound which has been partially 
excavated to furnish materials for the bridges on the high road, 
which within the last few years have been made from Bakhra to 
Motihari vid Kesariya. The exeavations have disclosed the walls of 
a small temple, 10 feet square inside, and the head and shoulders of a 
colossal figure of Buddha, with the usual crisp curly hair. The 
mound, which is about 200 feet square, is called dniwds, and also 
Gorai, and the buildings are attributed to some ancient Rani. It 
appears to me to have been the site of a Vihara or temple monas- 
tery, as portions of cells are still traceable on the eastern side. At 
the south-west angle there is another smaller mound of brick ruin, 
120 feet from north to south and 60 feet from west to east. It is 
- probably the ruin of a temple. 
XVI.—Lavurtya Ara-Ras. 
156. Between Kesariya and Bettiah, at the distance of 20 miles 
to the north-west of the Kesariya stupa, and one mile to the south- 
west of the Hindu temple of Ara-Raj Mahadeo there stands a lofty 
stone column which bears in well preserved and well eut letters 
several of the edicts of King Asoka. The pillar itself is simply 
? 
ealled Laur, that is, “the phallus ;” and the neighbouring village, 
which lies not more than 100 yards to the westward, is called Lau- 
riya. his is the pillar which, on the authority of Mr. Hodgson, 
has been called the Radhia Pillar. Now as the other pillar to the 
north of Bettiah is also called Zawr, and the large village close to it 
Lauriya, while Mr. Hodgson has named it Mathiah, I presume that 
his Munshi intentionally suppressed the phallic name of Lauriya, 
and named the two pillars at random after some of the neighbouring 
villages. ‘Thus Rahariya, (Rurheea of Indian Atlas Sheet No. 102,) 
which is Mr. Hodgson’s Radhia, lies 23 miles to the west north-west 
