|xvi Archeological Survey Report. 
Rajas. Every mound is called simply Bhisd, and the whole are said to 
have been the fortified residences of the Ministers and Nobles of 
Raja Uttdnpat, while the fort of Navandgarh was the Raja’s own 
residence. Uttdnapdda, King of Brahmavarta or Bharatkhand, that 
is, of the Gangetic Doab, was the son of the Manu Swayam bhuva, the 
first created of Brahma, and the progenitor of mankind. Raja Vena, 
to whom the Kesariya Monument is assigned, was the seventh in 
descent from Uttanapada. Another decisive evidence in favour of 
the great antiquity of these barrows is the fact that Major Pearse, of 
the Madras Artillery, found one of the small punch-marked silver 
coins in his excavations amongst them. These coins are certainly 
anterior to the time of Alexander the Great, and I believe that many 
of them are as old as 1000 B. C., and perhaps even older. 
161. There are three rows of these earthen mounds, of which one 
line runs from east to west, and the other two lines from north to 
south. There are five barrows in the east and west row and six 
barrows in the middle row, while the outer northern row has four 
large and at least seven small barrows. There are probably several 
more small mounds which escaped my observation in the jungle sur- 
rounding some of the larger mounds, but I do not believe that any 
barrow of greater height than 5 or 6 feet remains unnoticed. In my 
Survey of these remains I have attached a separate letter of the 
alphabet to each mound for the sake of greater clearness of description. 
162. Inthe east and west line there are five mounds marked A to 
K. Four of these mounds, A, C, D, and H, are covered with frag- 
ments of brick, and there are also traces of the walls of small brick 
buildings on their summits. Mound A is 20 feet inheight. Within 
5 feet of its top, 1 excavated a portion of a circular foundation wall, 
16 inches thick, formed of single bricks 203 inches long and 4 inches 
thick. There were only four courses of bricks resting on the earth 
of the mound. This work may either have been the retaining wall 
of a circular terrace which once crowned the top of the mound, or it 
may have been the foundation of a tower; but as the wall was only 
16 inches thick, the former would seem to be the more probable 
supposition. Mound B is a simple earthen barrow, 25 feet in height. 
Mound C, which is 80 feet in height, is thickly covered with broken 
brick. There are traces of foundation walls on the top, but a former 
excavation shows that the whole mass is plain earth. ‘here are traces 
