Ixxvill Archeological Survey Report. 
brick tower marked A, now standing on the mound, and of which an 
account has already been given. Hwen Thsang describes two smaller 
stupas, and then a third grand stupa which stood on the spot where 
the Brahman Subhadra had entered into Wirvdna.* As the whole of 
the buildings above described, as well as three small stupas, were 
clustered together around the spot where Buddha was said to have 
died, their ruins, in the lapse of ages, would naturally have formed a 
single large mound of irregular outline, in all respects similar to 
the mass of ruins now called Mdthd-Kuir-ka-kot. I think, there- 
fore, that no reasonable doubt can now remain against the identification 
of Kasia with the ancient Kusinagara. With regard to the slight 
difference of name, I have already stated my belief that the name of 
the present village should in all probability be written Kwsta instead 
of Kasia, and in favour of this spelling I may add that the name is 
variously spelt in the Buddhist books as Kusigrdmaka, Kusindra, 
Kusinagara and Kusinagart. 
187. After the death of Buddha, the assembled Bhikshus (or 
mendicants) were consoled by the venerable Aniruddha, who assured 
them that he saw the Devatas looking down from the skies upon 
earth, and weeping and bewailing with dishevelled hair and up-lifted 
arms. Aniruddha was the first cousin of Buddha, being the second 
son of Amitodana, one of the brothers of Suddhodana, the father of 
Sakya Sinha. He was one of the ten great disciples of his cousin, and 
was renowned for his penetrating sight. Accordingly, on the death of 
Buddha, he took the lead of all the disciples present, and conducted 
their proceedings. By his directions Ananda made known the death of 
Buddha to the Mallian nobles, who at once proceeded to the spot with 
garlands of flowers, and numerous cloths, and music. For six days 
the body lay in state, attended by the people of Kusinara. On the 
seventh day, when eight of the Mallian nobles, who had been selected 
to carry the corpse to the place of cremation, attempted to lift it, 
they found themselves unable to move it. The amazed nobles, on 
enquiring of the venerable Aniruddha the cause of this prodigy, 
were informed that their intention of carrying the corpse through 
the southern gate to the south of the city, was contrary to the 
intention of the Devatas. ‘“ Lord,” said the Mallian nobles, “ what- 
* This last I would identify with the high point in the centre of the mound 
marked B, 
