Archeological Survey Report. Ixxxix 
at first the mention of Brahmans would seem to preclude any reference 
to the Jain religion, yet the Yatis themselves are usually, if not 
always, Brahmans, aud the naked figures with crisp curled hair, on 
- the base and capital of the pillar, must belong either to the Jains, or 
to the later Taéntrika Buddhists. I founda similar naked standing 
figure, canopied by a seven-headea snake, inside the great mound of 
old Rajagriha. I am inclined therefore to consider the figure as that 
of Buddha himself, who is fabled to have been protected under a 
canopy formed by the seven-headed snake Muchalinda, who inhabited 
the holy tank at Buddha Gaya. 
214. Both of the temples described by Buchanan (Eastern India, 
Vol. 2, p. 367) are now in ruins; and as they are not mentioned by 
Mr. Liston in 1837, they must have fallen before his visit. Buchanan 
describes them as pyramidal in form, with two apartments, one over 
the other, as in the great temple at Buddha Gaya. Inside he found 
only two fragments of images, of which one showed the feet of a 
standing figure, with a female votary seated at one side. I made an 
excavation in the northern ruin, and found that the temple had con- 
sisted of a room, 9 feet square, with walls only 1 foot 9 inches in 
thickness. The building therefore was only 12 feet 6 inches square 
on the outside. In the slight sketch of this temple, given by 
Buchanan, no dimensions are noted, but the height of the building 
is twice and a half its width, or about 30 feet, according to the 
measurement obtained by my excavation. On the ruin of the southern 
temple, I found a naked standing figure of life-size, similar to that on 
the base of the pillar. 
215. Immediately to the north of the pillar, and on the highest 
point of the mound, there are traces of the brick walls of some 
buildings ; and to the south-east, there is an old well which has been 
lately filled up. Buchanan describes the pillar as having originally 
“stood in a small quadrangular area, surrounded by a brick wall, and 
probably by some small chambers.” I presume that the pillar must 
have been placed opposite the entrance of the temple, in which the 
Panchendra or five images of Indra were enshrined. It is probable 
that there were several temples and other buildings crowded around 
the pillar, otherwise it will be difficult to account for the great size 
of the mound, which, though not more than 6 feet in height above 
the fields, extends from west to east upwards of 1,200 feet, with an 
average breadth of 400 feet. N 
