436 APPENDIX. 



back and upper part of the breast, black ; abdomen 

 white, darker towards the vent, where it is barred 

 with undulating lines of dusky ; flanks grey, closely 

 barred with black ; scapulars the same ; primaries 

 brownish-grey ; secondaries lighter ; back greyish- 

 brown, barred with fine lines of white ; rump and 

 upper tail coverts blackish-brown ; tail feathers 

 gi'eyish-brown, lighter at the base ; lower tailcoverts 

 brownisli-black, rather lighter than the upper ; length 

 twenty inches ; wing nine and a half. Female about 

 two inches smaller, with' the head, neck, breast, 

 and general color of the upper parts brown ; darker 

 on the upper part of the head, lighter on the back ; 

 bill, legs, and feet, similar to those of the male. 



This duck, as it is scarcely distinguishable from 

 the canvas-back, and has mainly the same habits, is 

 but little inferior to that incomparable bird. 



Broad-Bill. 



Blue Bill, Scaup, Black Head, Raft Duck. 



Fuligida Mania, Linn. 



Specific Character. — The head and neck all round, 

 Avith the fore part of the brer.st and fore part of back, 

 black ; the sides of the head and the sides and hind 

 part of the neck dark green, reflecting purple ; length 

 of bill, when measured along the gap, two inches and 

 five-sixteenths ; length of tarsi one inch and three- 

 eighths ; length from the point of the bill to the end 

 of the tail nineteen inches; wing eight inches and 

 five-eighths ; a broad white band crossing the secon- 



