FISHES. 



159 



male. Dorsal, caudal, and pectoral fins dusky; ventrals and anal wMte, the former 

 grayish internally. Prior to entering fresh waters these fish are of a brilliant steel 

 blue along the back, which becomes changed to a muddy tinge when they enter rivers. 

 After these fish have passed into the fresh waters for the purpose of breeding, numerous 

 orange streaks appear in the cheeks of the male, and also spots or even marks of the 

 same, and likewise of a red color, on the body. It is now termed a ' red-fish.' The 

 female, however, is dark in color, and known as ' black-fish.' ' Smolts ' (young river 



I'lG. 99.— Salmo salar, salmon, male, and S. truita, sea trout or salmon trout. 



fish), are bluish along the upper half of the body, silvery along the sides, due to a layer 

 of silvery scales being formed over the trout-like colors, while they have darker fins 

 than the yearling ' pink ; ' but similar bands and spots, which can be seen (as in the 

 parr) if the example be held in certain positions of light. < Parr ' (fishes of the year) 

 have two or three black spots only on the opercle, and black spots and also orange 

 ones along the upper half of the body, and no dark ones below the lateral line, although 

 there may be orange ones which can be seen in its course. Along the side of the body 

 are a series (12 to 15) of transverse bluish bands, wider than the ground color, and 



