SYNONYMY AND DESCRIPTION OF C. MEXICANUS 89 



American Dipper 



CinclUH mexicanus 



GincIUS pallasll, Bp Ann. Lye. N. Y. ii. 1826; 439.— Bp. AO. ii. 1828, 173, pi. 16, f. 1 (necaucl.). 



CinclU8 mi^XicailUS, Sw. Phllos. Mag. i. 1837, 308.— Sci. PZS. 1859, 363 (Xalapa).— BA Rev. 

 AB. 1864, m.—Ooues, Pr. Phila, Acad, xviii. 1866, 66 (Arizona).— ? Soto. IbiH, ii^. 1866, 190 

 (Guatemala). — SaLv. Ibis, iii". 1867, 120 (monog;raphic), — Sumich, Mem. Bo.nt. Soc. i. 1869, 

 544 (Vera Qniz) .—Coop. B. Cal. i. 1870, 25. &g.—Ooues, Key, 1872. 77, f. W.— Allen, 

 Bull. MCZ. iii. 1872, 174 (Utah and Co\oT^o).—Ridgw. Bull. Easex Inst. v. 1873, 179.— 

 Merriam, U.S. Oeol. Surv. for 1872, 1873, 671, 713 (Montana).— KaiZ, Pr. Cala. Acad. 

 — . 1873, — (Unalashka).- (7oiies, BNW. 1874, 10.— Trippe, ibid. 229.— Bd. Br. {f Ry. NAB. 

 i. 1874,56, fig. f\.5,{.l.— Yarr.S;Uenah. Rep. Orn. Specs. 1874, 6.— ffmsA. ibid. 46, 

 97.— HensA. List. B. Ariz. 1875, 154 (White Mountains).- Heresi. Zool. Expl. W. 100 

 Merid. 1876, 159. 



ClnclUS mexicana, Allen. Am. Nat. vi. 1872, 396. 



Hydrobata mexicana, Bd. BNA. 1858, •OS.— Henry, Pr. Phila. Acad. xi. 1859, 106 (Now 

 Mexico).— XaTttm, Pr. Phila. Acad. xi. 1859, 190 (California).- 0. 4- S. NHWT. 1860, 

 175.— B/a/i!sl. Ibis, v. 1861, 60 (Athabasca River).- Broara, Ibis, \v'. 1868, 420 (Vancou- 

 ver).— Coop. Am. Nat. ili. 1869, 32 (Montana).— Daii tf Bann. Tr. Chicago Acad. i. 1869, 

 277 (Alaska).- ZJaiZ, Am. Nat. iv. 1870, 600.— ^iien, Pr. BoBt. Soc. iv. 1872, 194 

 (Colorado). 



CinclUS amerlranus, S. <(• R. FBA. ii. 1831, 173.— iVun. Man. i. 1832, 569.— ^ad. OB. iv. 1838, 

 493 ; V. 1839, 303, pU. 370, 435.— Aud. Syn. 1839, 86.— Tovms. Journ. Phila. Acad. viii. 

 1839, 153.— ^Mi. BA. ii. 1841, 182, pi. 137.— Gam6. Pr. Phila. Acad. iii. 1846, 114 (Cali- 

 fornia) .—Garni. Journ. Phila. Acad. i. 1847, 43.— McCall, Pr. Phila. Acad. v. 1851, 216 

 (Texas).- Weerra. Journ Phila Acad. ii. 1853, ^64.— Henry, Pr. Phila. Acad. vii. 1855, 310 

 (New Mexico).— JVraJ. PKRR. vi. 1857, SO.-Heerm. PRRR. x. 1859, 44. 



CInelus UnlCOlOr, Bp. Zool. journ. iii. 1827, 53.— Bp. CGL. 1838, 18 



GinclusmortOIli, " Towns. ^ arr. 1839, 337". 



ClnclUS townsendll, "('And.') Tovms. Narr. 1839, 340 "- 



^uid TurdUS townsendii, Towns. Jouru. Phila. Acad. viii. 1839, 153, descr. nuUS ! 



American Dipper; Water Ouzel, Vulg. 



Hab. — Mouo tains of Western North America from the region of the Yukon 

 into Mexico. 



Oh. SP. — S 9 Bchlstaceo-plumheuH, infra dilutior, capite hrun- 

 nescente, palpebrin plerumque albis. 



(? 9 , adult, insnmmer: Slaty-plumbeous, paler below, inoliuing on the 

 head to sooty-brown. Quills and tail-feathers fuscous. Eyelids usually 

 white. Bill black ; feet yellowish. Length,6or 7 ioches; extent, 10 or 11 ; 

 wing, 3i-4; tail, about 2J; bill, f ; tarsus, 1^; middle toe and claw rather 

 less. Individuals vary much in size. 



^ 2 , in winter, and the majority of not perfectly mature specimens are 

 paler below thau the above description would indicate, all the feathers of 

 the under parts being skirted with whitish. The quills of the wiug are also 

 conspicuously tipped with white. The bill is largely yellowish at the base. 



Young: Below, whitish, more or less so according to age, frequently tinged 

 ■with pale cinnamon-brown. The whole under parts are sometimes over- 

 laid with the whitish ends of the feathers, shaded with the rufous pos- 

 teriorly. The throat is usually nearly white ; the bill mostly yellow. The 

 white tipping of the wing-feathers is at a maximum ; and in some cases the 

 tail-feathers are similarly marked. 



