SYNONYMY OF E. ALPESTEIS AND VARS. 187 



for 1860, 385.— Coues, Pr. Phila. Acad. 1861, 221.— Co?ies 4- Prent.Smitha. Rep. for 

 1861, 1863, ill.— Boardm. Pr. Bost. Soc. ix. 1862, 126.— Ferr. Pr. Ess. last. iil. 18li2, 149.— 

 fBlak. Ibis, iv. 1862, 5; v. 186:i, m.— Allen, Pr. Essex Inst. iv. 1864, 69.— Dress. Ibis, 2rl 

 ser. 1865, 486 (Texas).— tamr. Ann. Lye. N. Y. viii. 1866, 289.— Afc/iior. Proo. Ess. Inst. 

 V. 1866, 88.— CoMes, Pr. Ess. Inst. v. 1868, 280.— ^roam. Ibis, 2d ser. 1868, 431 (Vau- 

 couver).- CoMss, Pr. Bost. Soc. xii. 1868, 113.— f Coop. Am. Nat. iii. 1869,75,295,297; 

 1874, n.—? Aiken, Pr. Bost. Soo. xv. 1872, Wi.—? Trippe, Pr. Bost. Soc. XV. 1873, 236. 



PliilercDios cornutus, Bp. CGL. 1838, 37. 



Otocoris coruuta, Bp. CA, i. 1850, 246. 



Otocoryx coruuta, Licht. " Nomencl. 1854, 239 ". 



OtOCOrj'S coruuta, Bp. " CR. xxxvlii. 1854, 64 " 



Alauda rufa, /Maxim. J. f. O. vi. 18.58, 349 (Missouri). 



Otocoris rut'a, Hoy, Pr. Phila. Acad. vi. i853, 382 (Wisconsin). 



lark, Catesby, Nat. Hist. Carolina, i. 1731, 32, pi. 32. 



Shore Lark, Forst. 1. c.—Penn. AZ. ii. 1785, 392, no. Hi.— Lath. Syn. ii. pt. ii. 1783, 385, no. 19. 



Hausse-col noir ou Alouette de Virginie, Buff. " Hist. Nat. Oi«. v. 55 ". 

 Aloucfte (le Virginie, Ortolan, LeM. Ois. Canad. 1861, 225. 

 Horned Lark, Sbore Lark, Authors. 



h. Icucolizma 

 ? Otocoris OCCidcntaliS, JlfcOaiZ, Pr. Phila. Acad. v. 1851, 218 (Santa P6, N. Mex.).— M. 



Stansbury's Rep. GSL. 1852, 318, 331. 

 Otocorjs alpcslrls, Ntwb. PRRR. vi. 1857, 88. 

 Erenioi)bila alpestris, Allen, Bull. MCZ. iii. 1872, 176. 

 Ercmophila COrnuta, SA PRRR. x. 1859, Beckwith's Route, Birds, 13, pi. 32.— i/ayii. Tr. 



Amer. Philos. Soc. xii. 1872, 174.— Siro. U. S. Geol. Surv. Terr, for 1870, 1871,464.— 



Merr. U. S. Geol. Surv. Terr, for 1872, 1873, iSo.-Hold. Pr. Bost. Soc. xv. 1872, 202. 

 Ercmopliila alpestris S. Icucolsema, 007165, BNW. 1874, 38.-001169, Am. Nat. viii. 1874, 



602.— Allen, P]-. Bost. Soc. xvii. 1874, 50. 



t. chrysolizma 

 Alanda coruuta, Sio. Pbilos. Mag, i. 1827, 434 (Mexico). 

 Phileremos cornutus, Bp. PZS. 1837, iii. (Mexico). 

 Eremopllila cornuta, Coues, Ibis, 2d ser. i. 1865, 164 (Arizona).— OoKes, Pr. Phila. Acad, 



xviii. 1666, 79 (the same). 

 Alauda glacialis, Licht. " Preis-Verz. Mex. Vog. 1830, 2"; J. f 0. 1863, 56 (Mexico). 

 Alauda clirysolaeuia, Wagl. Isi«, 1831, 350 (Mexico). 

 otocoris cbrysolaema, Bp. CA. i. 1850, 246. 

 Otocorys ciirysolacma, O06. MH. i. 1851, 122. 

 Alauda chrysoliema, Scl. PZS. 1855, 66. 

 otocorys Chrysolajnia, Bp. " CR. xxxviii. 1854, 65 ".—Scl. PZS. 1856, 306 (Mexico) ; 1859, 372 



(Oaxaca). 

 Ereinoptaila cbrysolsema. Set PZS. 1864, 174 (City of Mexico). 

 Ereniopbila cornuta var. cbrysolieiua, Bd. bsa. 1858, 403. 

 Eremopbila alpestris c. chrysoliema, Coues, BNW. 1874, 38, 231. 

 JTlanda minor, Giraud, IC Sp. Tex. B. 1841. 

 Eremopbila minor, Scl. Cat. AB. 1862, 126. 



Alauda rufa, Aud. B. Amer. vii. 1843, 353, pi. 497.— Bi. Stansb. Rep. GSL. 1852, 331. 

 otocoris rufa, Heerm. PRRR. x. 1859, Williamson's Route, Birds, 45. 



Hab. — The typical form inhabits the greater part of the northern hemi- 

 sphere (Europe and Asia as well as moat of North America). Var. leueolcema 

 breeds on the plains of the United States, north of about 40°. Yaii. chrysolwma 

 breeds in the Western United States, south of about 40°, and southward 

 through Mexico. • 



Ch. sp. — a. M,VESTiiis.— Notceo griseo plus minusve rufescenti- 

 vinaceo tincto. nucha tectrioibusque alarum et caudcB vegetioribus, 

 dorso sordidiore, strigis fuscis notato; gastrwo albido, lateribus 

 dorso subsimiiibiis, pelta magna pectorali nigra; strigd malari et 



