SYNONYMY OF HELMINTH0PHA6A PINLTS 215 



tera, are exclusively Eastern, as far as we now know. The 

 genus, as a whole, is rather southerly, belonging to the United 



284.— Trippe, Am. 1^8111.1868,174 Oome, Pr. Bost. Soo. xiL 1868, 109.— Ho3/m.Geol. 



Snrv. Indiana, 1869, 316.— JIfaj/n. Guide, 1870, 100 (Massachusetts).— .IbiioU, Am. Nat. 

 iv. 1870, 543.— Atten, Am. Nat. vl. 1872, 265.— Cotos, Key, 1872, 9i.-AUen, Bull. MCZ. 

 iii. 1872,124, 173 (Kansas) .-Saow), B. Kans. 1873, 4.— iZidflw. Am. Nat. vll. 1873, 199.— 



IVippe, Pr. Bost. Soc. xv. 1873, 234 (Iowa) Ooues,BNW. 1874,49.— iJidjio. Ann. Lyo. 



N. T.x, 1874, 368 (Illinois, breediEg).—4mes, Bull. Minn. Acad. i. 1874, 50 (Mlnne- 



BOta).— B. -B. <« J2. NAB. i. 1874, 195, pi. 11, tl.—Brew. Pr. Bost. Soc. xvii. 1875,439 



(Cona.). —Minot, B. New Engl. 1877, 91.— Merr. Trans. Conn. Acad. iv. 1877, 14 (Conn.). 



Helmlntbopaga pinus, Gregg, Pr. Blmira Acad. Nat. Sci. 1870, — . 



Helmintliophaga plna, Coues, Pr. Ess. Inst. t. 1868,271 (S. New England).— Purdie, Am. 



Nat. yii. 1873, 692 (Connecticut, breeding regularly). 

 Parus aureus alls ceraleis, Bartr. Trav. Fla. 1791, 292 (cf. Ooues, Pr. Phila. Acad. 1875, 352). 

 Sylvia solitaria, WiU. AG. ii. 1810, 109, pi. 15, f. 4.—Y. Ency. M6tli. ii. 18i3,4S0.—Bp. Jonm. 



Phila. Acad. iv. 1824,189.— Bp. Ann. Lyo. N. Y. ii. 18i6, 87.— ifiitt. Man. i. 1832, 410 



Aiid. OB. L 1832, 102, pi. sa.—Haym. Pr. Phila. Acad. viii. 1856, 290 (Indiana). 

 TermlTora solltarla, Jard. "ed.Wils. 1832".— .Bp. CGL. 1838, 21.— D«»»j/, PZS. 1847, 38.— 

 TVoodh. Sitgr. Eep. Expl. Col. E. 1853, 72 (Indian Terr., common, hrpeding).- iJeati, 

 Pr. Phila. Acad. 1853, 399 (Ohio).— Bbj/, Smiths. Eep. for 1804, 1865, 438 (Misaoari). 

 SylTlCOla SOlitarla, Rich. Eep. Brit. Assoc. Adv. ScL for 1836, 1837, 171. 

 Hellnala soUtarla, .^.ad. Syn. 1839, m.—Atid. BA. ii. 1841, 98, pi. 111.— Pro(te?i,Tr. Illinois 



Agric. Soc. 1855, 602.— Putn. Pr. Ess. Inst i. 1856, 227 (Massachnaetts). 

 AlQiotlKa SOlitarla, Oray, G. of B. i. 1848, 196. 

 Hclmitberos solUarla, Bp. CA. i. 1850, 315. 

 Helmlthcros solltarlns, Scl. FZS. 1856, 291 (Cordova). 



Helmlntbopbaga solitarla, Cab. MH. i. 1850, 20.— Kjrali. B. E. Pa. 1869, 23 ; Phila. ed. 16. 

 Pine Creeper, Edw. Glean, pt. ii. 139, pi. 277, f. 2. (Not of Oatesby.) 



Figuier de la Loulsiane, Briss. Om. vi. 1760, App. 59 (based on Edwards's Pine Creeper ; 

 not the bird described in the body of his work, iii. 570, which is Catesby'a Pine 

 Creeper, nor the bird of same name in p. 500, which is Parula americana). 

 Pine Warbler, Penn. AZ. ii, 1785, 412, n. 319.— Lath. Syn. ii. pt. ii. 1783, 483, n. 107. (Descrip- 

 tion mostly pertinent, but synonymy confused with that of D&ndrixcapiniU). 

 Figuier des Sapins, Buff. " v. 276 " [ !]. 



Fauvette des Sapins, Sylvia ptnus, T. N. D. d'H. N. 2d ed. xi. 1817, 218 (description). 

 Faurette jaune aux ailes bleues, F. Ency. M6th. ii. 1823, 450. 

 Blue-winged Yellow Warbler (or Swamp-Warbler), Authors. 



[Note. — The synonymy of the Blue- winged Yellow Warbler, HelTninthophag a pinHs, is 

 curiously involved with that of the Pine-creeping Warbler, Dendrceca pinHs, but may 

 rejidily be disentangled. Wilson, in fact, understood the case, and showed that the confu- 

 sion arose from the fact that the "Pine Creeper" of Edwards and the "Pine-Creeper" of 

 Oatesby are two different birds, wrongly supposed by LinnjBus and Gmelin, as well as 

 by Brisson, Latham, and Pennant, to be the same species. Edwards, it seems, received 

 the HelminthopJiaga from Bartram, and described and figured it (pi. 277) under the style 

 of the " Pine Creeper "- Edwards's bird became the Certhm pinus of lAuuseus, whose diag- 

 nosis ("C. flava, supra olivacea, alls cseruleis fasciis duabusalhia . . . lora nigra ") is 

 exclusively pertinent. Meanwhile, Catesby described and figured the Sendrceea under iho 

 same style of "Pine-Creeper", Parus americanus lutescens (folio and pi. 61) ; his account is 

 poor and his figure bad, and they were mistaken to indicate the same bird that Edwards 

 treated of. So it fell out that the Oerthia pinus of Linnaeus and Gmelin, the Sylvia pinus 

 of Latham, and the Fine Warbler of Latham and Pennant include both birds, as far as 

 synonymy is concerned, though their descriptions all indicate the KebnintTiophaga. Bris- 

 sou's "M6sang6 d'Am6rique, Parus ajnericanus^' is based solely on Catesby, and is the 

 Dendrceca ; but, after thus handling the species in the body of his work (iii. 576), he gives 

 in the appendix (vi. 59) a certain " Eiguier de la Louisiane ", based solely on Edwards's 

 Pine Creeper (pL 277), remarking the black loral stripe, as given by Edwards, and thus 

 unmistakably indicating the JECelminthophaga. But Brisson's " Eiguier de la Louisiane ", 

 of the body of his work, ill. 500, is Parula americana. I have not been able to consult 

 Buffon ("v. 276"), and am consequently unable to say which of the two birds his 



