282 HISTORY OF DENDRCECA COEONATA 



Floediila pensilvanica noevia of Brisson, iii. p. 503, n. 56; the "Figuier h t§te 

 cendr6e " of Buffon ; the Dendrwca maculosa, or Black-and-yellow Warbler, 

 of modern aathoH. 



A bird which is foand in Linneeas is generally reproduced in Gmelin under 

 the same name; but Motaoilla canadensis, Linn. sp. 37, above fully «xplained, 

 disappears with that single author — to be more precise, it reappears, but 

 nnder a different title. For we find it again in the Motacilla cincta of Gmelin. 

 Gmelin does not, indeed, quote M. canadensis; but be numbers his cincta 

 "27", and bases it primarily on Brisson's pi. 27, f. 1. Now, Brisson, in de- 

 scribing the yellow spots which exist, one on each side of the breast of D. 

 coronata, spoke of them as if they formed a band or belt across the breast, — 

 "eutre le ventre & la poitrine est une bande transversale jaune", says he; 

 and ont of this expression comes the "Figuier k ceinture" of the Count de 

 Baffon, and the Belted Warbler of Latham and Pennant, M. cincta Gm. This 

 fourth set of names are to be bundled together with the Motacilla canadensis 

 Linn., sp. iil, and bung upon the peg of Brisson (iii. 524, pi. 27, f. 1). 



Besides operating upon the three Linnoean names, coronata, virginianus, and 

 canadensis {^cincta), we have discussed, Gmelin stumbled twice more upon 

 the Yellow-rump, giving us our fifth and sixth Latin binomials, umhria and 

 pinguis. In the Planches Enlumin^es, there is tigared, at pi. 709, f. 1, a bird 

 called on the plate "Fauvette tachet^e de la Louisiane", and in Bnffon's 

 text " Fauvette ombr^e de la Louisiane ", which is recognized as a Yellow- 

 rnmp at first glance; the same was called the " Dusky Warbler" by Pennant, 

 and the "Umbrose Warbler" by Latham. This became Gmelin's Motacilla 

 umhria ; and all these names go with PE. 709, f. 1. For the sixth time (and, 

 so far as I know, the last for the eighteenth century), the unhappy Yellow- 

 rump comes upon the stage as Motacilla pinguis— the "Fat Warbler". This 

 name is based upon the " Figuier grasset " of Bnffon, rendered by Pennant 

 and Latham as the " Grasset Warbler". There is no plate that I know of to 

 refer to in this case, and the descriptions are not as satisfactory as could be 

 wished ; bnt there is no reasonable doubt of the species. For though La- 

 tham, for instance, describes the "throat and fore part of the neck pale 

 rufous", yet the rest of his account is sufficiently pertinent, and the mention 

 of "a spot of yellow on the head" and the "yellow rump" fixes the bird 

 he had in view as the Yellow-rump in some obscure imperfect plumage in 

 which the yellow on the sides of the breast was not present or not noticed. 

 It is said to be from " Louisiana ", a term which at that date, it will be re- 

 membered, covered most of the United States west of the Mississippi. 



There is yet another representation of the Yellow-rump, as I take it, 

 though not usually quoted in this connection. I refer to PI. Enlnm. 731, f. 2, 

 called " Figuier du Mississipi " on the plate. This has been generally quoted, 

 following LinnsBus, Gmelin, and Latham, as pertaining to the Chestnut-sided 

 Warbler (Quebec Warbler of Pennant and Latham), M. ioterocephala, but the 

 plate certainly resembles D, coronata more nearly, whatever may be said of 

 the descriptions that go with it. 



I trust that I have made it clear how the various specific names above 

 cited — coronata, canadensis, virginianus, cincta, umbria, pinguis, and Jlavopygia 

 or " xanthopygia" , with xantliorlioa oi "xanthoroa" — came to be applied to one 

 and the same species ; how canadensis No. 42 differs from canadensis No. 27 of 

 LinnjBUS ; and how the Yellow-rumped Flycatcher or Warbler of Edwards, 



