FOOD OP THE REDSTART 343 



opposite the extremity of a bunch of leaves, and darting into 

 the midst of them after the insects there concealed." Gentry 

 likens the song of the Eedstart to that of the Black-and-white 

 Creeper, less prolonged and in a sharper key, and expresses it 

 by the syllables tsi-tsi-tsiwS, the last ending very abruptly. 



The writer last mentioned seems to be the only one who has 

 examined the menu of the Eedstart in detail. He states that 

 he has found the bird feeding at times on fallow ground, and 

 in small bushes as well as among the branches of trees. This 

 novel fact of somewhat terrestrial proclivities on the part of 

 the Eedstart is also attested by a recent writer, Mr. H. D. Minot, 

 who observes that the female obtains much of the food for her 

 young from the ground. Mr. Gentry alludes to the immense 

 numbers of beetles destroyed at first, and to subsequent change 

 of the bill of fare to various other orders of insects, following 

 with the results of his actual examination of the contents of 

 the stomach.* Audubon speaks of its inability to capture 

 wasps, and has drawn his beautiful plate to represent the in- 

 effectual attempts of a Eedstart to seize a wasp which defied 

 the bird by protruding its sting. 



Belonging as it does to a semi-tropical group of Warblers, 

 the Eedstart would be supposed neither to linger with us during 

 the winter, nor to be among the earlier spring arrivals of the 

 country at large. I have no information of the bird as an in- 

 habitant of any part of the United States in winter ; on the 

 contrary, at that season it is present in tropical America as far 



""We have detected the remains ot Bhynclicenus pini, Bostriulms pini, Cra- 

 tonyehus cinereus, 0. pertinax, Platynus cupripennis, Harpalus compar, Donacia 

 confluenta, Chrysomela ccBruleipennis, among coleoptera; Formica sanguinea, 

 F. subterranea, Apis mellifica, Selandria rosce, S. viti, Megachile centunctilaris, 

 several Helicii and Andrerus, among hymenoptera ; Musca domeslica, Syrpliua 

 otscurtia, Calex tceniorhynchus, Stomoxys caldtrans, Tdbanus lineola, Tipula fer- 

 ruginea, among diptera; Aphis rosce, A. mali, and other ApUidce, t\ie> small 

 spiders that infest the bark, leaves, and flowers of plants ; Tegenaria domes- 

 iica, Epeira diadema, and mature forms of the lepidoptera Harrisina Ameri- 

 cana, Lithosia miniata, Spilosoma Virginica, Penthina pomonella, Orgya leuco- 

 stigma, many of the Noctuidce, Tortricidce, Lyccenidce, and lineidai, with the 

 larvsB of Anisopteryx veriiata, Eufltchia ribearia, Pieris rapes, Colias philodlce, 

 Pieris hrasaicoB, Utetheisa bella, Eudryas grata, Catocolce, cutworms of the genua 

 Agrotis, and others," — yet no hint of indigestion ! We must admit that the 

 Redstart is not only a good hunter, but a voracious and indiscriminate 

 feeder, lilse some other beauties we may know of. Dr. Brewer attests another 

 curious parallel between this bird and other reigning beUes : — "Even when 

 lamenting the loss of a part of her brood, and flying round with cries of 

 distress, the sight of passing insects is a temptation not to be resisted, 

 and the parent bird will stop her lamentations to catch small flies.'' 



