SYNONYMY AND CHAEACTEES OF P. NITENS 475 



Crei^ted Shining-black 'White-vringed 

 Flysnapper 



Pbsenopepla nitens 



Ftilogonyg nitens, Sw. " Anim. in Menag. in Lardner's Cab. Cyclop. Birds, pt. iii. 1838, 

 285 " (orlg. deser. ; some say 1837). — Bp. CA. i. 1850, 335 (synon. and diagn.). — Heerm. 

 Jonrn. Phila. Acad. ii. 1853, 262 (California j note of Iiablts).— (7as«. Illust. 1854, 169, 

 pi. 29 (general History). — Henry, Pr. Phila. Acad. 1835, 308 (New Mexico).— ffiwroi. 

 PRRE. X. 1859, 33 (California). 



Cicblopsis nitens, Bd. BNA. 1853, 320 (synonymy and description). 



Pbaioopepla nitens, Scl. PZS. 1858, 543 (typeof genus).— Bd. BNA. 1858, 923 (description).- 

 Bd. U. S. Mex. B. Surv. ii. pt. ii. 1859, Birds, 11 (Arizona, etc.).— Jenm. PEEK. x. 1859, 



25 (New Mexico or Arizona) Bd. Pr. Phila. Acad. 1859, 303 (Cape St. Lucas).— 



Xanl. Pr. Phila. Acad. 1859, 191 (California).— ffenrj/, Pr. Phila. Acad. 1859, 106 (New 

 Mexico).— Bd. Ives's Eep. Colo. E. 1861, pt. v. S.—Sd. Cat. AB. 1862, 47 (synonymy).— 

 Sel. PZS. 1864, 173 (City of Mexico).— Cress. Ibis, 1865, 480 (Eagle Pass, Texas).— 

 Coop. Am. Nat iiL 1869, 34, 185 (Cajon Pass, Cal.).— (7oop. B. Cal. i. 1670, 131 (general 

 account). — Yarrow, Eep. Orn, Specs. 1874, 34 (Nevada, Bischoff). 



Flisenopepla nitens, Ooues, Ibis, 1365, 163 (Arizona),- Ooties, Pr. Phila. Acad. 1866, 71 

 (Arizona).- OoMes, Pr. Phila. Acad. 1868, 83 (Arizona).— BiJ. Rev. AB. 1866,416, flg. 

 (critical).— CoMes, Key, 1872, 116 (description).- CoMes, BNW. 1874, 95 (note on the 

 eong). — Ooues, Am. Nat. viiL 1874, 542 (correction of Brewer's error— see infrd). — 

 Coop. Am. Nat. viiL 1874, 17 (Cuyamaoa Mountains).- B. B. d B. NAB. i. 1874, 405, 

 figs. pi. 18, f. 3, 4 (general history) ; iiL 1874, 507 (nest and eggs).— flenjA. Eep. Om. 

 Specs. 1874, 106 (Arizona) —Sensh. List B. Ariz. 1875, 157 (same).- fle«sA. Zool. ExpL 

 W. 100 Merid. 1375, 289 (habits).— iJicJaw. Eep. Surv. 40th Par. 1877, 447 (Nevada; 

 habits). 



Hfpotbymls nitens, "Lafr." 



Lepturns galeatus. Less. "Compl. Buffon, 1338, — ; Eev. Zool. 1849, 4 ". 



"Mfiadestes townsenfll". Brew. Pr. Best. Boo. xvi.1873 (pub. 1874), 109 (error; nest and 

 eggs of PhtBTWpepla nitens described as those of M. townsendi). 



Black Ply-catcher, Black Ptllogonys, Shining-crested Flycatcher, Shining Ptlloganys, 

 Aliq. locis passim suprjb citatis. 



Hab.— Mexico ; Lower California ; southern portions of the Middle and 

 Western Provinces of the United States (Texas, New Mexico and Arizona, 

 Southern California, Southern Nevada, and probably portions of Utah and 

 Colorado). 



Ch. sp. — Gristata. ^ Chalybeo-atra, remigibus spatio magno 

 albo, 9 griseofusca, infra dilutior speculo alari obsolete, alls 

 cauddque nigricantibus, albido Umbatis. 



$ , adult : Entirely rich lustrous black, with steel-blue or greenish reflec- 

 tions. Primaries with a large white space on the inner webs. Bill and feet 

 black. Length about 7i inches; "extent. Hi"; wing, 3i-34; tail, 3i-4i; 

 bill, 1-4 ; tarsus, f-4 ; middle toe and claw, J-f. 



9 , adult : Crested, like the mule. Entirely brownish-gray, paler beneath, 

 the wings and tail blackish, the white on the inner webs of the primaries 

 much reduced or extinguished, and in its stead much whitish edging of the 

 quills and coverts, tail-feathers, and crissum. 



Young, $ : Like the 9 ; and during the progress to maturity every grada- 

 tion between the characters of the two sexes is observed. Sometimes nearly 

 all the feathers are skirted with white. 



