448 



ANALYTICAL INDEX 



Moths, Recent Darkening of 

 N. English, X. 308-10. 



Moths and Butterflies, chief- 

 ly Oriental, Illustrating Mi- 

 micry, 370-6. 



Moths (see also Arctiidae, Chalco- 

 siinae, Glaucopidae, Sesiidae, Zygaen- 

 idae; see also classification of ex- 

 amples of mimicry, 384-6, 388-92) : 

 pigments of, less stable than those 

 of butterflies, xlv; resemblance to 

 leaves of, 299, 302; to splinter, 

 319; to lichen, 359; colour of G. 

 obscurata in different environments, 

 307, 308 ; seasonal changes of, 311 ; 

 value of bright hind wings of, 

 303, 304, 325 ; hind wings of, torn as 

 if seized, 304 ; distasteful species of, 

 seized and rejected by wild birds, 284 ; 

 wings of, in nest of Microhierax, 291 

 n. 1 ; mimicry of butterflies by diurnal, 

 249, 250, 275, 276, 372, 376; Miil- 

 lerian mimics of butterflies, 231-2 ; 

 Dr. Dixey's discussion of entrance 

 into Miillerian combinations of, 343 ; 

 Miillerian mimics of Erycinid mimics 

 of Ithomiinae, 346 ; attainment of 

 transparency by, in mimicry of trans- 

 parent-winged butterflies and Hy- 

 menoptera, 251, 266, 365, 366; early 

 recognition of resemblance to Hy- 

 menoptera by, 221. 



Motive Force of Investiga- 

 tion, Introd. xlvii, xlviii. 



Moulting and seasonal change of 

 colour, 310. 



Mountainous country, J. C. Prich- 

 ard on the horses and cattle of, 189. 



Movements and Attitudes, 

 Importance of Instinctive, in 

 Display of Warning Colours, 

 X. 323, 324. 



Movements and Attitudes, Im- 

 portance of, for Mimicry, X. 



3°3- 



Movements (see also flight) : 

 importance of, in procryptic defence, 

 360 ; power of rapid colour adjust- 

 ment suited to rapid, 304, 305 ; 

 sudden transition from cryptic to 

 aposeraatic or pseudaposematic de- 

 fence caused by, 318-20; impor- 

 tance of, in aposematic defence, 322 ; 

 conspicuousness of slow, 370; im- 

 portance of, as recognition characters, 

 357, 358 ; importance of, in directive 

 marks, 282 ; importance of, in the 



head-like appearance of Lycaenidae, 

 325, 325 n. 1 ; importance of, in 

 mimicry, 238-9, 241, 251-4, 256, 

 257, 368; in aggressive mimicry, 378 ; 

 aggressive use of, by Hyas, 314. 



Moving objects, protective (pro- 

 cryptic) resemblance to, as well as 

 mimicry of, 360. 



Muir, F., direct evidence of attacks 

 by birds on butterflies obtained by, 

 282 n. 1. 



mulciber, Trepsichrois, females of, 

 mimic Danaini though themselves 

 models, 334, 335 ; females of, mimick- 

 ed by females of Mel. malelas, 372 ; 

 and with other blue Oriental Euploeas 

 imperfectly mimicked by diurnal 

 moth, Callamesia midama, and allied 

 species, 372, 376. 



Mullein Shark Moth, 318, 319. 



Miiller, Dr. Fritz, interpretation of 

 resemblance between models (Miiller- 

 ian Mimicry) suggested by (1879), 

 166-8, 211-15, 222, 223, 226, 278, 

 327, 328 ; on sexual selection as 

 possible cause of mimicry, 225, 228, 

 272 ; on epigamic scent in male 

 butterflies, 317 ; on ' stink-glands' of 

 Colaenis, 334 n. 2 ; indirect evidence 

 of birds attacking butterflies obtained 

 by, 270, 270 n. 1. 



Miiller, Johannes, T. H. Huxley 

 on, in. 



Miillerian Mimicry, see Mimicry 

 Miillerian, &c. 



Multiple births of cats, dogs, &c, 

 distinguished from ' identical ' twins, 

 133. 



Murray, Sir John, on ocean floor, 

 21. 



Museums, necessity for long series 

 in, 75, 76; as centres of biological 

 research, 77 ; branch tropical biologi- 

 cal stations and, 89, 90 ; storing of 

 epigonic evidence and, 90. 



Mutation, Mendelism, and 

 Natural Selection : Introduction, 

 xiii-xlviii. 



Mutation, De Vries's Evi- 

 dence in Favour of, Introd. xvii- 

 xxii. 



Mutation and the Facts of 

 Mimicry, &c, Introd. xxii-xxvi. 



Mutation, an old idea, xiv; De 

 Vries on intermittent periods of, xx ; 

 definition of, xvii, xvii n. 2 ; known to 

 Darwin, xviii, xix ; in the Vestiges of 



