47o 



ANALYTICAL INDEX 



Sun, life of the, 13-15; radium 

 and life of, 15 n. 2; hypothesis that 

 the colours of human races have been 

 caused by, 176; pinhole images of, 

 said to be resembled, 313. 



Superfluous causes, elimination 

 of, 113. 



Supernumerary digits markedly 

 hereditary, 180, 185. 



Surfaces, Choice of Appro- 

 priate for Resting on, X. 301. 



Surfaces, Value of Brightly- 

 Coloured, Concealed during 

 Rest, X. 303, 304 : see also 325. 



Surinam, examples of mimicry in, 

 235 ; darkening of mimetic butter- 

 flies in, 272. 



Survival of the fittest, see Natural 

 Selection, 102. 



Swainson, W., letters from W. J. 

 Burchell to, 49 n. 3. 



Swallows attacking butterflies in 

 S. Africa, 284. 



Swallow-tail butterfly, eye-spot of, 

 pecked by kestrel, 210. 



Swallow-tail butterfly, value of 

 ' tails ' of hind wings of, 281, 282. 



Swallow-tail Moth, 150. 



' Swamping effect of inter-crossing', 

 importance of Mendelian principle 

 in preventing, xxxiv, xxxv ; Darwin 

 impressed by Fleeming Jenkin's 

 argument upon, xl, xl n. 3, 3. 



Swine, J. C. Prichard on Cuban, 

 187 ; relation to localities of, 189, 190. 



Swinhoe, Col. C, on dorippus I. 

 of L. chrysippus in India, 70 n. 2. 



swinhoei, Merops, capturing 

 butterflies, 287, 288. 



Swynnerton, C. F. M., attacks on 

 butterflies and birds witnessed by, 

 283, 284. 



Sykes, Mark L., on means by 

 which transparency may be attained 

 and on different forms of scales in 

 mimetic Lepidoptera, 366 n. 1. 



Symmetrical injuries to wings of 

 Lepidoptera, 281-3, 3 2 5 : see a ' so 

 270, 270 n. 1. 



Sympatric groups, 62. 



Sympatrid, 61 n. 1. 



Sympatriote, 61 n. I. 



Sympatry, definition of, 62. 



Symphaedra dirtea, 291. 



Synageles picata, 253 (Fig. I. A). 



Synaposematic or Common 

 Warning Colours (Mullerian 



Mimicry), X. 327-56. For sections 

 and sub-sections see pp. 295, 296. 



Synaposematic Defence, Sea- 

 sonal Transition from Cryptic 

 to, X. 339-41. 



Synaposematic Defence, Sea- 

 sonal Transitions in, or from 

 Aposematic to, X. 341, 342. 



Synaposematic Resemblance': see 

 Mimicry Mullerian : introduction of 

 term (1897), 223, 328 n. 1. 



Syncryptic or Common Pro- 

 tective Resemblance, X. 312. 



Syncryptic Resemblance, 312, 312 

 n - 2 > 359, 360 n. 1 ; definition of, 312 ; 

 distinguished from mimicry and com- 

 mon warning colours, 312, 359, 360; 

 analogy with syntechnic resem- 

 blance, 312; suggested as interpre- 

 tation of mimicry, 322. 



Syndiagnostic groups, 60. 



Synemosynaformica, 253 (Fig. 1. B). 



Synepigonic groups, 61, 61 n. 1 : 

 see also epigony ; of Pap. dardanus 

 (merope), 72, 72 n. I. 



Syngamic Chain, Asyngamy as 

 a consequence of the Breaking 

 of, II. 88-90 : see also 94. 



Syngamic groups, 60. 



Syngamy underlies Diagnosis, 

 II. 68, 69. 



Syngamy, definition of, 60 ; history 

 of word, 60, 60 n. 3, 61 n. 1 ; pro- 

 posed by M. Hartog to replace 

 fertilization, 60 n. 3 ; E. B. Poulton's 

 use of, 60, 60 n. 3 ; summary of 

 significance of, in study of species, 

 64, 65 ; as test of species when 

 diagnosis fails, 69 ; in Limnas chrys- 

 ippus, 70, 71 ; in Pap. dardanus 

 (merope), 72 ; rare between individ- 

 uals of the wet season brood and 

 the dry, 72-3 : sub-species united by, 

 75, 76 ; the test when structural 

 differences are great, 76 ; importance 

 of, to the systematist, Tj ; implied in 

 transition, 84 ; mechanical _ pre- 

 vention of, 85 ; widespread in P. 

 cardui because of powers of dis- 

 persal, 85 ; preferential, 85-8 : see 

 also 65 ; cross-fertilization and, 91 ; 

 advantages of, 93, 94. 



Syntechnic Resemblance, 312, 312 

 n - 2 > 359» 360 n. 1 ; definition of, 

 312; analogy with syncryptic, 312; 

 distinguished from mimicry, &c, 312, 

 359, 360. 



