14 



feathers of the pileum and nape being just tipped with this color and 

 showing plainlj' the ashy underneath when disarranged. Sides of head, 

 with broad bands extending down each side of the throat and nearly meet- 

 ing across the jugulum, ash, washed with greenish-olive. Sides, with a 

 broad connected band across anal region and breast, dull olive-green. 

 Rest of under parts, with central areas of throat and jngulum, very clear 

 rich yellow, intensifying into a spot of orange on the breast. In two 

 specimens (both males) a yellow tipping of the feathers on the jugulum 

 nearly conceals much black underneath, which becomes conspicuous when 

 the plumage is slightly disarranged. 



Autumal plumage : young female. Similar to the male, but with a more 

 olive cast • to the green of the dorsal aspect, less ashy on head, and the 

 spot on the breast of richer, deeper color, and broader diffusion. The 

 young of both sexes in autumnal plumage have the upper and lower eye- 

 lids conspicuously fulvousryellow. In one specimen (male, taken August 

 21), the eyelids are dirty-white. From seven specimens (two females, five ■ 

 males) in my collection shot at Upton, Me., August, 1874. Irrespective 

 of generic characters, the young of 6. Philadelphia in autumn are at once 

 distinguishable from those of Oporornis agilis in corresponding stages, by 

 the total absence of ashy on the central regions of throat, jugulum, and 

 breast. So marked is the difference that obtains in this respect that I am 

 easily able to separate the two species, when lying side by side, at a dis- 

 tance of fifteen or twenty feet. 



40. Geothlypis macgillivrayi. 



Young autumal plvmiage : male. Entire upper parts exactly as in G. 

 Philadelphia of corresponding age and sex. (See preceding species.) 

 Sides of head very dark ashy, washed with olive. Eyelids white. Fore 

 part of the breast light ashy-gray, with a slight superficial wash of olive, 

 shading into buffy-white on the chin. (Again compare with preceding 

 species.) Rest of under parts clear rich yellow, obscured somewhat with 

 greenish-olive on the sides. Upon raising, or even slightly disarranging, 

 the feathers of the throat, broad subterminal bands of black appear on 

 each feather. These bands or blotches, as in the young 0. Philadelphia, 

 are concealed by the ashy tips of the overlapping feathers. From a speci- 

 men in my collection shot at Nicasio, Cal., by Mr. C. A. Allen, August 1, 

 1876. 



41. Geothlypis trichas. 



First plumage: male. Eemiges, rectrices, etc., as in adult. "Wing- 

 coverts continuously light brown. Rest of upper parts, including sides of 

 head, brown, lightest on rump, and slightly tinged with olive on the back. 

 Throat yellowish-olive, deepening to dark clear olive on jugulum, breast, 

 sides, and anal region. Abdomen dull yellow, with its lateral margins 

 bounded by bands of fulvous-brown. ■ From specimen in my collection 

 shot at Upton, Me., August 26, 1874. Two other specimens, taken respec- 



