26 



patches of ash on the sides. From a specimen in my collection shot in 

 Cambridge, Mass., July 18, 1874. Autumnal adults have the orange-red 

 richer and clearer than in spring, and the wing-quills much more broadly 

 and conspicuously edged with white. Neither wing nor tail feathers are 

 changed during the first moult. 



80. ScolecophaguB ferrugineus. 

 Several young birds of both sexes shot at Upton, Me., August 5, 1873, 

 have apparently nearly completed the first moult ; but one, a male, has 

 the head still covered with the feathers of the first plumage, which are of 

 a uniform plumbeous color. AU are moulting the wing and tail feathers. 

 In 6ach specimen a worn central pair of rectrices projects about three 

 inches beyond the others, which are of a iiniform length, and evidently 

 just sprouting. Other individuals seen at the same time were conspicu- 

 ously characterized in the same way, all presenting, when flying, the ap- 

 pearance of birds with long forked tails, the elongated central feathers 

 being slightly spread apart. 



81. Quiscalus pnrpureus. 

 First plumage : male. Uniform dark plumbeous, darker above, lighter 

 and with a faint brownish edging on the feathers beneath. Sides of 

 throat and a large space around the eyes completely bare of feathers. 

 From a specimen in my collection obtained at Upton, Me., June 22, 1873. 

 Both wing and tail feathers are replaced during the first moult. 



82. Tyrannus caroliuensis. 



First plumage: male. Above uniform dark sooty-brown, with a 

 scarcely appreciable lighter edging on the feathers of the nape. No con- 

 cealed red on the crown. Wing-bands yellowish-white. Breast soiled 

 white, with a band of ashy- white across the breast. From a specimen in 

 my collection shot at Upton, Me., July 24, 1872. 



83. Sayornis fuscus. 



First plumage : female. Crown and nape dark sooty-brown. Rest of 

 upper parts brownish-olive, shading into reddish-olive on the rump_ 

 Wing-bands and tips of rectrices ferruginous ; secondaries edged with 

 yellowish-olive. Throat, breast, and sides olivaceous-drab, darkest on 

 sides of breast. Abdominal and anal regions soiled white, with a yellow- 

 ish tinge. From a specimen in my collection taken at Cambridge, Mass., 



July 13, 1874. 



84. Contopus borealis. 



First plumage : male. Above olivaceous-plumbeous, darkest upon the 

 crown ; wing-bands ferruginous ; secondaries edged with pale fulvous. 

 Sides of throat, breast, and body dark plumbeous, with a brownish tinge ; 

 central line from base of bill to crissum — partly interrupted upon the 

 breast by the encroachment of the darker color of the sides — strong 



