INTRODUCTION. 13 
boxes annually, to the value of over five millions of money, and that more 
than two-thirds of these are exported to the United States. 
Such a survey as ought to be made, would exhibit another thing which 
may soon be of vital importance to the state; a thing which comes home 
especially to the farmers. It is well known that the supply of water is 
yearly becoming less abundant. Such a survey would show where arte- 
sian wells could be sunk, from which a never-failing supply of water 
could be obtained. This may be determined by the scientific man with 
as much certainty as the character of the underlying soil. A few years 
ago, in Paris, when water was very much needed, an artesian well was 
sunk under the direction of scientific men, and water was found—an 
everlasting fountain—though it was after eight years of labor, and at a 
depth of 1,900 feet. 
It is said that the French ii conquering Algiers, took with them men of 
science, and as they progressed, they established villages and sunk arte- 
sian wells, finding water even in the desert. The wandering Arabs 
exclaimed, ‘what can we do with a people who make water rise out of the 
ground wherever they please?’ And they conquered, perhaps, as much by 
the impressions made by their scientific knowledge, as by the force of 
their arms.” * * * * 
Let us look now to a few of the results of the geological survey of 
Kentucky, which has been in progress since 1855. 
In some of the counties, where the labors of the geologist have estab- 
lished the existence of beds of good workable coal, the intrinsic value of 
the land rose, in a single season, twenty-five per cent. all over the county; 
while the value of the land, in many locations of the same county, offer- 
ing peculiar advantages adjacent to navigable streams, rose, in the course 
of the same period of time, from five to ten dollars per acre, up to fifty 
and sixty dollars. And these prices have remained firm and permanent 
up to the present time, showing that the valuation was real, intrinsic and 
substantial. 
Where the simultaneous occurrence of both coal and abundant beds of 
rich iron ore has been proved, the rise in the value of the property has 
been proportionally greater. These are, indeed, direct and tangible 
advantages, which all can appreciate and comprehend, and which come 
home to the owners of property, and to the citizens of the state. 
It will be apparent, that capital and labor must speedily flow towards 
localities where such valuable mineral resources have been demonstrated 
to exist. 
Further: the elaborate, comparative chemical analyses of the soils col- 
