220 GEOLOGICAL RECONNOISSANCE 
increased to a thickness of ten or twelve feet, and has been quarried to 
build, in part, the race at Ruddle’s mill, on this creek. 
The organic remains seen in this shale, comprise imperfect casts of the 
genera, cardium, lingula, uv.ula, and orthoceras, bi-furcated teeth of 
fishes and stems of plants. 
The cherty subcarboniterous or cavernous limestone (d) which commen- 
ces at Black river hills, in township 14, often encroaches upon and replaces 
the greater portion of the overlying sandstone (f). This cherty limestone 
has its southern limits one mile north of Batesville, caps the mountains in 
the northern part of the county with its detached chert, and continues in 
the direction of its strike, a little north of west to the Cherokee territory. 
In the western part of the State, north of township 15, itis in great force, 
and extends northward into Missouri, beyond the lead mines of Granby. 
In the western part of Independence county this limestone forms a per- 
pendicular cliff on White river, above the mouth of Lafferty creek, from 
four hundred to five hundred feet in height, making a conspicuous land- 
mark for navigators of this river, and bears the name of “ Pinter’s Bluff.” 
Between this point and Batesville it forms the substratum of extensive 
table-lands, well adapted for agriculture. Characteristic samples of this 
soil have been collected from the farm of Mr. R. A. Childress, section 36, 
township 14 north, range 8 west, ten miles from Batesville. 
One and a half miles north of Batesville, on the property of Mr. Mull, 
there is an oolitic member of this limestone; having a thickness of thirty 
or forty feet, which takes a good polish and can be quarried in blocks of 
any required size for building purposes, and has the reputation of being a 
durable stone. Mr. Mull is now engaged quarrying this rock, for the 
manufacture of lime, for which use it is well adapted, on account of its 
purity and whiteness. Lime made from the oolitic limestone, on the 
Ohio river, below Louisville, always brings a higher price and meets with 
a more ready sale than that which is made from the associated dark lime- 
stones. 
The ores found in this member (d.) are oxides of iron and manganese, 
galena and some little copper pyrites. The two former of these promise 
to be abundant. This is the same geological formation in which the fine 
deposits of iron ore occur onthe Cumberland river, in Kentucky and Ten- 
nessee, that supply the western furnaces located in its vicinity. 
North of Batesville, near Mr. Cason’s, there is a strong axis of distur- 
bance in the strata, bearing south-east and north-west. Small quantities 
of copper pyrites are found disseminated amongst these titled strata, 
chiefly in a close textured limestone rock, which has a slight greenish 
color. Its occurrence, in proximity to this line of disturbance, may be re- 
