NATURAL HISTORY. 17 
grown as “schnapper,” furnish between them most 
of the sport obtained in Australian waters ; but, our 
own bream are not by any means so highly thought 
of, either for sport or the table. 
The young of the red bream, known as chad, 
differs in so many points from the adult that 
it might be another species. It is mentioned 
here rather on account of the excellent pollack- 
bait that can be made from a strip of its very tough 
skin. So far as its capture goes, it is one of those 
fish that need no invitation, but comes round the 
boat in certain weathers in its hundreds, nibbling 
to rags the pilchard bait meant for pollack. Then 
is the time to put out a smaller hook, baited with a 
strip of pilchard ; sccure a chad or two, and bait the 
pollack-hooks with a slab from the side (the entire 
length of a small chad being none too much for the 
purpose). The other chads are unable to spoil so 
tough a bait, and the pollack relish it as much as 
they do the more oily, but less showy, pilchard. 
In the intermediate stage, weighing about #lb., 
this fish is known in Cornish dialect as a ballard. 
Chad 
In this member of the cod family, which in habits 
bears strong resemblance tothe pollack, we @oa)- 
find a small barbule present on the lower fish 
jaw, and a more abrupt division between the dark 
green of the back and the white of the belly. This 
is the “saithe” of the Scotch fishermen, and is 
caught, like the pollack, on surface-lines. 
1 I caught a 2 lb. example of the Spanish bream this August at 
Mevagissey (whence Day obtained his example), a beautiful and 
rare visitor to our coasts. 
Cc 
