132 



BAPTISIA 



BARRY 



A. Lvs. simple : fls. yellow. 



simplici!61ia, Croom. Branchy, 2-3 ft. : lvs. 2-4 in. 

 long, sessile, broadly ovate and obtuse : fls. in numerous 

 terminal racemes. Fla. — Int. 1891. 



perSoli&ta, B. Br., of S. Car. and Qa., with small axil- 

 lary fls. and broad perfoliate lvs., is occasionally planted, 

 and is hardy as far N. as Washington, but is evidently 

 not in the trade. B.M. 3121. 



AA. I/vs. compound, S-foUolate. 

 B. Fls. yellow. 



tinctdria, R. Br. Wild Indigo. Bushy-branched, 2-4 

 ft., glabrous : lvs. stalked, the Ifts. small, obovate or 

 oblanceolate, and nearly or quite sessile and entire : fls. 

 J^in. long, bright yellow, in numerous few-fld. racemes. 

 Common in E. States. B.M. 1099. Mn. 5:81. 



lanceol&ta, Ell. About 2 ft., pubescent when young, 

 but becoming nearly glabrous : lvs. short-stalked, the 

 Ifts. thick, lanceolate to obovate and obtuse : fls. large, 

 axillary and solitary. Pine barrens, N. Car. S. 



BB. Fls. blue. 

 austrUis, R. Br. {B. coerklea, Eat. & Wr. B. exalt&ta, 

 Sweet). Stout, 4-6 ft., glabrous: lvs. short-stalked; 

 Ifts. oblanceolate to oval, entire, obtuse : fls. lupine-like, 

 nearly or quite an in. long, in loose-fld., long terminal 

 racemes. Penn. W. and S. J.H. III. 29: 64 ; 34: 511.— 

 Handsome. Probably the best species for cultivation. 



BBB. Fls. white or wliitish. 



dlba, R. Br. Wide-branching, 1-3' ft., glabrous : ivs. 

 stalked ; Ifts. oblong or lanceolate, obtuse, thin, dry- 

 ing green : fls. white, Kin. long, in long-peduncled, 

 elongated lateral racemes. N. Car.W. and S. B.M. 1177. 



leuc&ntha,Torr. & Gray. Branching, more or less suc- 

 culent, 2-4 ft., glabrous : lvs. stalked; Ifts. obovate to 

 oblanceolate to cuneate, very obtuse, drying black : fls. 

 white, nearly an in. long, in loose-fld., lateral racemes. 

 £. states. 



lencophsea, Nutt. Stem stout and angled, but low and 

 wide-branched, 1-2X ft-, hairy or nearly glabrous : lvs. 

 short petioled ; Ifts. oblanceolate to obovate, stiff, dry- 

 ing black : fls. large and cream-colored, on slender erect 

 pedicels, borne in 1-sided declined racemes. Ga. W. 

 B.M. 6900. Mn.3:177. P.S.23:2449. L. H. B. 



BABBAC£!NIA (Barbacena, a Brazilian governor). 

 Amaryllid&eecE. About 20 Brazilian plants, with scape 

 bearing a single large purple flower. Grown mostly in 

 baskets, after the manner of many orchids. B. purptirea, 

 Hook., is occasionally seen in flne collections, but does 

 not appear to be in the Amer. trade. Grown in a warm, 

 moist house. It has many scapes and long, grass-like, 

 toothed lvs. B.M. 2777. 



BABBADOES LILY. See ffippeastrum. 



BARBAB£A (from the old name. Herb of Saint Bar- 

 bara). Gruciferm. Hardy biennials, with yellow fls.; 

 allied to water cress and horseradish. 



vulgaris, R. Br. Common Winter Cbess. Upland 

 Cress. Yellow Rocket. Height 10-18 in. : lower lvs. 

 lyrate, the terminal lobe round, the lateral usually 1-4 

 pairs : upper lvs. obovate, cut-toothed at the base. Eu. 

 Asia. —Cult, for salad. Var. varieg&ta, Hort., lvs. 

 splashed and mottled with yellow, is cult, as a border 

 plant, and grows freely in rich soil. If the fls. are picked 

 off, stem and all, before they open, the plant will be 

 practically perennial. A common native. 



pr£ecox, R. Br. Early Winter, or Bell Isle Cress. 

 Distinguished by the more numerous divisions of the 

 lvs. (4-8 pairs ) . Slightly cult, as a salad, and known S. as 

 Scurvy Grass. Naturalized from Eu. J.B.Keller. 



BAEBE DE CAPUCIN. See Chicory. 



BAEBEERY. See Berberis. 



BABBISBIA (after J. B. G. Barbier, French physi- 

 cian). Leguminbsce. A genus of only two species, one 

 from Porto Rico and one from Peru. Its nearest allies 

 familiar to the horticulturist are Indigophera and Te- 



phrosia. It is distinguished from allied genera by the 

 long fls. Tender evergreen shrubs, with odd-pinnate 

 lvs., numerous entire Ifts., and awl-shaped stipules : fls. 

 large, racemose red. Prop, by seed. 



polyphJUa, DC. (Clitdria polyph^lla, Poir.). Lfts. 

 9-11 pairs, elliptic-oblong, mucronate, pubescent with 

 age : racemes fewfld.. shorter than the lvs.: fls. 2 in. 

 long. Porto Bico.— S. glabella, Hort., Peter Henderson 

 & Co., 1899, is probably a variety. 



BABE. Is often used in a general way to designate 

 the softer outer envelope of a stem or root. In this 

 sense, it includes all that peels readily, as the bark of the 

 hemlock and oak, used for tanning leather. In a stricter 

 sense, it is applied to the corky layers formed on the 

 outer surface of woody plants. It is formed from an 

 active layer of tissue,— the phellogen. The bark is de- 

 veloped in different ways upon different trees. So dis- 

 tinct are the resulting tissues that species of trees may 

 be readily recognized by their bark alone. Cork of com- 

 merce is the bark of the cork oak, a native of south- 

 western Europe. -w. w. Bowlee. 



BABEflEIA. See Mpidendrum. 



EABL&EIA (J. Barrelier, 1606-1673, French botanist). 

 AcanthAcece. Many species of tropical shrubs, mostly 

 African, sometimes seen in fine collections of stove 

 plants, but not offered in the Amer. trade. They have 

 large fls. (yellow, purple or white), often in clusters. 

 Prop. Dy softwood cuttings. B. cristd,ta, Linn., E. Ind., 

 is a good blue-fld. bedder. 



BAELEY, Various kinds of Hdrdeum of the Gramln- 

 ece. Common Barley is R. sativum, Jess. According 

 to Hackel, it "undoubtedly originated from JT. spontA- 

 neiim, 0. Koch, which grows wild from Asia Minor and 

 Caucasian countries to Persia and Beloochistan, as well 

 as in Syria, Palestine, and Arabia Petrsea." The com- 

 mon Barley has a 4-rowed ear or head. There are also 

 2-rowed and 6-rowed races, and other well marked forms. 

 They are probably all domestic forms of one parent stock. 



BAE6SMA (heavy scent). Ruthcew. Some 25 to 30 

 South African heath-like shrubs. They are evergreens, 

 and in the N. must be grown under glass. Prop, by 

 mature-wood cuttings. B, pulch611a, Bart. & Wendl., is 

 now handled by florists from imported stock. It grows 

 3 ft. or less high, and has axillary purplish fls., with 5 

 sepals, 5 petals and 10 stamens. 



BABBY, FATBICE. Plate II. Nurseryman, editor 

 and author; was born near Belfast, Ireland, in May, 1816, 

 and died in Rochester, N. Y., June 23, 1890. He came 

 to America at the age of twenty, and after four years of 

 service with the Princes, at Flushing, on Long Island, 

 he founded, in 1840, with George Ellwanger, at Roches- 

 ter, N. Y., the Mount Hope Nurseries. EUwanger and 

 Barry introduced fruit-growing into western New York 

 at a time when there were no collections of fruits, no 

 railroad or telegraphic facDities, nor any fast ocean 

 steamers to bring over their importations from Europe. 

 Prom 1844 to 1852, Barry edited "The Genesee Farmer," 

 an excellent and influential paper— afterwards merged 

 in "The Cultivator and Country Gentleman." After the 

 death of A. J. Downing he succeeded to the editorship 

 of "The Horticulturist," which he removed to Rochester, 

 until June, 1855, after which this famous magazine had 

 many vicissitudes until 1887, when it went to swell the 

 number of periodicals now represented commercially by 

 "American Gardening." In 1851 appeared his "Treatise 

 on the Fruit-Garden," a new and thoroughly revised 

 edition of which was issued in 1872, under the title of 

 "Barry's Fruit-Garden." It is still one of our most 

 popular books on pomology, and deservedly so. The 

 catalogue of fruits which he compiled for the American 

 Pomologioal Society is a monumental work. Mr. Barry 

 did much to make Eochester a city of nurseries and 

 western New York a famous fruit-growing region. The 

 Western New York Horticultural Society, of which he 

 was president for more than thirty years, and until his 

 death, has long exercised a more than sectional influence. 

 The work of Barry was truly national, and essentially 



