CALAMOVILFA 



CALANTHE 



211 



apparently limited to the sandy swamps and pine bar- 

 rens of New Jersey. Now in cultivation as an orna- 

 mental grass. p, B_ Kennedy. 



CALAMPfiLIS is Hecremocarpus . 



CALAUTTS (Greek iorreed). Pal m&cew, tribe Lepi- 

 docdrpce. Slender, oespitose or climbing palms, with 

 pinnatiseot Its. ; Ifts. with reduplicate sides, acuminate, 

 entire, with parallel nerves ; fr. of many carpels, clothed 

 ■with reiiexed, shining, closely imbricated appressed 

 scales : spathes tubular, persistent, flowering annually. 

 Species about 150. Tropical Asia. 



cili&ris, Blume. Stem slender, climbing by means of 

 long, axillary, leafliess branches, covered with hooked 

 spines: Ivs.l ft. long, 6 in. wide; Ifts. numerous, hairy; 

 petiole 2 in. long, with few hooked spines. Malaya. 

 F. E. 1 : 607. G. C. III. 21 : 86. -Introduced into cultiva- 

 tion in 1869. 



O. Andrednum, Hort., P. & M.=?— {7. calicdrpit^, Grifif.=- 

 Dfiemonorops calicarpus, Mart.— C iemsidnw«,Griff.=Dsemoii- 

 orops Lewisianus, Mart. Jabed G. Sjoth. 



Calamus is an easily grown group of palms, very 

 ornamental, even in a young state. Some of the spe- 

 cies have stems several hundred feet long, which enable 

 them to unfold their leaves at the tops of the tallest 

 trees. The leaves are peculiarly well adapted to assist 

 the plant in climbing, having numerous hook-like pro- 

 cesses arranged on a long continuation of the midrib of 

 the leaf. Where accommodations can be given these 

 plants should be selected, as their growth is rapid, and 

 they are capable of furnishing a large conservatory 

 quickly. Numerous suckers are produced, so that when 

 the main stem ascends the lower part is clothed in foli- 

 age. Calamus tenuis (or C. Jioyleanus) and C.JRotang 

 furnish the rattan canes. Malacca canes are furnished 

 by C. Scipionum. Young plants thrive best in a root- 

 ing medium containing a considerable quantity of leaf- 

 mold. Older plants need soil of a more lasting nature; 

 a quantity of ground bone and charcoal in the soil may 

 be used to advantage. Old, well-furnished plants need 

 enormous quantities of water. All of them require stove 

 temperature. (j_ -^y, Oliver. 



CALAMUS or SWEET FLAG. See Acorus Calamus. 



CALANCHOE. See KalanchoS. 



CALANDElNIA (J. L C^alandrini, 

 Genevan botanist of last century). Por 

 tulaodoem. Fleshy, spreading, or nearly 

 trailing plants, with mostly alter- 

 nate Ivs. and red fls. of short dura- 

 tion. Petals 3-7; stamens 3-5-12. 

 A number of species in N. and S. 

 America and Austral, Sometimes 

 cult, in borders and rockeries, or 



used for edgings in sunny places. Prop, from seeds, and 

 usually treated as armuals (which some of them are). 



umbeliata, DC. Four to 6 in. : Ivs. linear- and hairy: 

 fls. in a corymb, or umbel-like terminal cluster, bright 

 crimson. Peru. R.H. 1853: 5.— This species is hardy in 

 many parts of the U. S.; in our northern climate, it 

 should be planted in a well-sheltered position, or pro- 

 Tided with ample protection in winter ; sometimes it acts 

 like the biennials, but, as seeds are produced very freely, 

 young seedlings spring up constantly between the old 

 plants, and one does not miss the few which may decay 

 during the second year ; the plant forms a very neat, 

 slightly spreading tuft; flowers are produced in many- 

 flowered umbels, terminal, numerous, and large, glow- 

 ing crimson-magenta, saucer-shaped, very showy. June 

 to November. Full exposure to sun, and light sandy 

 soil, are needed to bring out the rare beauty of these 

 plants. The flowers close up when evening comes, like 

 the annual portulacas, but they reopen on the follow- 

 ing day. In the sunny, sloping part of a rockery, even 

 ■when quite dry, or among other low plants in a bed or 

 border, they are highly satisfactory. This is the only 

 species which we have found to be tolerably hardy with 

 ■us in the north as a perennial ; it may also be treated 

 like the annuals, as it flowers the flrst summer just as 

 freely as afterwards. Can be prop, by cuttings, 



dlBOolor, Schrad. (C. Uegans, Hort.). One to 2 ft.: 

 Ivs. fleshy and obOTate, purple beneath : fls. bright 

 rose, with yellow stamens. Chile. B.M. 3357. 



caulSscens, HBK., Tar. M^nziesii, Gray (C. specidsa, 

 Lindl.). Three to 12 in. high, with green herbaj^e, gla- 

 brous, or nearly so: Its. linear, or spatulate-oblanceolate: 

 fls. rose-red or purple, rather large and long-peduncled 

 (petals Kin. long). Calif., N. B. R. 1598. -Variable. 

 There is a white-fld. Tar. adTertised. 



J. B. Keller and L. H. B. 



CALANTHE (Greek for beautiful flower). OreUdd- 

 cece, tribe Vdndece. A genus of sub-epiphytal or terres- 

 trial orchids found in the eastern hemisphere, and spar- 

 ingly in the western hemisphere. Scapes erect, many- 

 flowered : Ivs. broad, plaited : fls. white or rose-colored, 

 rarely yellow : pseudobulbs angulate, with greyish 

 green sheaths in the Vestit© section, but absent in the 

 VeratrifolitB section. Many species are known to orchid 

 fanciers. 



vestlta, Lindl. {C.oculdta, Hort.). Lts. broadly lan- 

 ceolate, nearly 2 ft. long, from greyish green pseudo- 

 bulbs : fls. nearly 3 in. across, numerous, in racemes ; 

 petals and sepals whitish, all more or less overlapping, 

 the former oval-oblong, the latter obovate-oblong; label- 

 lum flat, large, three-lobed, the midlobe cleft ; a yellow 

 or crimson blotch in front of the short column ; 

 scapes from 2-3 ft. high, hairy. Blooms in winter. 

 Malaya. B. M. 4671. F.E.9:325. A.F. 6:655. F. S. 



8:816.— A most pop- 

 ular orchid. There 

 are many forms, of 

 which the following 

 are the most impor- 

 tant : Var. gigantfia, Hort. 

 Larger in all parts: fls. white, 

 with red eye. Var. niTillis, 

 Hort. Fls. pure white. Var. 

 Tumeri, Hort. (C. T'dmen, 

 Keichb. f. ). Fls. more numer- 

 ous, labellum with a crimson 

 blotch ; blooms later in the 

 season than the next. Var. 

 rilbro-oculita, Hort. Label- 

 lum with a crimson -purple 

 blotch. October -February. 

 Var. Ititeo-oouUta, Hort. Yel- 

 low-blotched. Var. Begnidri, 

 Hort. (C. Regnieri, Reichb. 

 f. C. Stevensidna , Regnier). 

 Pseudobulbs more elongated, with a depression above the 

 middle, labellum rose-colored, with a purple blotch in front 

 of column, less deeply lobed than in the type. A.F. 6: 655. 

 veratriSdlia, R. Br. Lvs. oblong-lanceolate, about 2 

 ft. long, from a creeping rhizome : fls. white, in dense 



