232 



CAMPANULA 



late ; upper linear-lanceolate, sessile ; calyx lobes awl- 

 shaped, erect, one-third shorter than the corolla : fls. 

 racemose, or more or less panicled : style exserted : 

 capsule ovoid. Columbia river.— The capsular valves 

 are a little above the middle, while in C. Carpatica and 

 C. persicifoHa they are near the apex. A rare western 

 American species. 



DD. Style not exserted, 

 E. Color very dark purple. 

 38. piilla, Linn. Height 3-5 in. : stem normally 1-fld. : 

 Ivs. glabrous, crenulate-dentate ; 

 lower ones short-petioled, ovate- 

 rotund ; upper sessile, ovate- 

 acute : calyx lobes long-acuminate, 

 erect, a half shorter 

 than the b e 1 1 - 

 shaped, nodding 

 corolla. Mts. of 

 Austria. In B.M. 

 2492 the calyx lobes 

 are short - acumi- 

 nate, a sixth as long 

 as the corolla. L.B.C. 

 6: 554.- Darkest flow- 

 ered of all Campanu- 

 las. 



339, "Blue Bells of Scotland "— 

 Campanula rotundifolia. 



i^atural size. 



EE. Color not very dark purple. 

 39. rotundifdlia, Linn. Hair- 

 bell. Harebell. Blue Bells 

 OP Scotland. Pig. 339. Height 340. Campanula rotundifolia, 

 6-12 in. Root-lvs. petiolate, var. soldanellaeflora. 

 cordate, crenate-dentate : stem- 



Ivs. linear or lanceolate, usually entire: calyx lobes awl- 

 shaped, erect, athird shorter than the bell-shaped corolla: 

 fl. buds erect. Eu., Siberia, W. N.Amer. Gn. 53:1153. 

 — This is one of the most cosmopolitan of all Campanu- 

 las, and the true hairbell or bluebell of literature. In 

 the wild it is slenderer and taller than in the garden. 

 In shady woods it often grows 2 ft. high. The type has 

 a white-fld. variety which is much less popular, but 

 G.C. 1861: 698 shows an excellent pot-plant of it. Var. 

 Hdstii, Hort. {C. Hbstii, Baumg.), has larger fls. than 

 the type and stouter stems. The lower stem-lvs. are 

 lanceolate, remotely dentate, the upper linear entire : 

 calyx lobes longer than in the type, a half shorter than 

 the corolla. The white-fld. form is not as vigorous. 

 The most pronounced form is var. soldanellseildra, 

 Hort. [C. soldandla, Hort.). Fig. 340. With semi- 

 double blue fls. split to the base into about 25 divisions. 

 F.S. 18: 1880. — This curious variation is unique in the 

 genus. The alpine soldanellas are famous among trav- 

 ellers for melting their way through the ice. They have 

 fringed blue fls. The name of this species seems singu- 

 larly inappropriate until we have sought the root-lvs. 

 in early spring. 



CAMPANULA 



40. Scheiichzeri, Vill. (C. llnifolia, var. Scheileheeri) 

 Height 4-12 in.: stem 1-4-fld., usually 1-fld.: root-lvs 

 roundish, ovate, or cordate : stem-lvs. linear or nar- 

 rowly lanceolate, sessile, denticulate, the lowest stem 

 Ivs. spatulate : calyx lobes slender, linear-awl-shaped, 

 nearly as long as the bell-shaped corolla. Alpine and 

 subarctic regions of Newfoundland, Labrador, Alaska. 

 F.S. 21: 2205, not L.B.C. 5: 485, which DeCandoUe states 

 most emphatically is C. rotundifolia and nothing else. 

 The stem-lvs. of C. Scheuchzeri are distinctly serrate, 

 while in C. rotundifolia they are entire ; the flower- 

 buds nod in the former, but are erect in the latter. The 

 calyx lobes are relatively longer in C. ScJieuchzeri, and 

 perhaps the bell is deeper. 



41. csespitdsa, Scop. (C. pumila, Curt. C. piisilla, 

 Hsenk. ) . Height 4-6 in. : root-lvs. tufted, short-petioled, 

 ovate, glandular-dentate, shining : calyx lobes linear, 

 erect, a third shorter than the bell-shaped corolla : fls. 

 nodding, pale blue or white ; pollen violet-colored. B.M. 

 512. Gn.43:892. Gn.48, p. 297.-Dwarferthan <7.»-o««»- 

 difolia, with root-lvs. never reniform, shorter-petioled, 

 and lasting until after fls. have gone. Perennial, quickly 

 forms a dense mat. Border, edgings, or rockery. The 

 European trade catalogues usually offer G. ecespitosa 

 and C. pusilla separately, and doubtless plants of dis- 

 tinct horticultural value are passing under these names, 

 but there seem to be no botanical or horticultural de- 

 so riptions that will distinguish them. 



42. exolsa, Schleich. Perennial, glabrous : height 4-5 

 in. : stems slender, 1-fld. : root-lvs. spatulate: upper Ivs. 

 linear : calyx lobes bristly, spreading, at length rettexed, 

 a third shorter than the bell-shaped corolla : fls. pale 

 blue, divided to about half their depth, with a round hole 

 at the base of each sinus, which easily distinguishes it 

 from C. pulla and all other Campanulas. Bare in Alps. 

 B.M. 7358. L.B.C. 6:561.— A rare rock plant. Likescool, 

 moist air, and not too full exposure to sun. Not adver- 

 tised in America. 



0000. Fls. long-tubular, abnormal. 



43. Z6ysii, Wolf. Height 3-4 in. : plant tufted, gla- 

 brous : stems few-fld. : root-lvs. entire, crowded, petio- 

 late, ovate-obovate, obtuse: stem-lvs. obovate-lanceolate 

 and linear: peduncles 1-fld, terminal, rarely axillary i 

 calyx lobes linear, awl-shaped, spreading, a fourth shorter 

 than the corolla : corolla long-cylindrical, constricted at 

 the apex, wider at the base, sharply angled. Austrian 

 Alps. Gn. 8, p. 173. G.C. HI. 20 :183. - A rare and abnor- 

 mal species. "Fls. large in proportion to the size of the 

 plant, azure blue, * * * terminated before expansion by 

 a pretty stellate process, arising from the infolding of 

 the segments of the corolla after expansion. These are 

 seen to be densely bearded, forming a mass of hairs sur- 

 rounding the large capitate stigma."— J". 0. JViven, 



AAA. Kitchen garden vegetable: roots radish-like. 

 A salad plant. 



44. BapiinculUB, Linn. Bampion. Biennial: height 2-3 

 ft. : root spindle- or long-radish-shaped, Y^ in. thick, 

 white : stem erect, sulcate : lower Ivs. obovate, short- 

 petioled, somewhat crenate: stem-lvs. linear-lanceolate, 

 entire : fls. lilac, in a spike or raceme : calyx tube obconi- 

 cal, lobes glabrous or bristly, erect, awl-shaped, a half 

 shorter than or nearly equal to the funnel-shaped corolla. 

 Eu., Orient, N. Asia, N. Afr. — The roots and Ivs. are 

 eaten as a salad. The seeds, which are the smallest of 

 any kitchen garden vegetable, are sown in the open 

 ground in early May either broadcast or in drills. A little 

 sand mixed with the seed gives an evener sowing. Press 

 firmly, and water carefully. Thin out the seedlings if 

 necessary. Water freely in hot weather. A fresh sowing 

 may be made in June, as early sown plants may run to 

 seed. Boots are gathered in October, and may be stored 

 in sand for winter use. Rapunculus means a little tur- 

 nip. Vilmorin-Andrieux, The Vegetable Garden. 



C. atietlna, Griseb. Rare, tufted, rookei-y plant, with slender, 

 wiry stems 9-15 in. high ; fls. light blue in loose, branching 

 spikes. July-Aug. E. Eu.— 0. calycanthema, Hort.= C. Me- 

 dium, var. calycanthema.— C Cenisia, Linn. A rare rock plant 

 from Mt. Cenis and other mts. of the Alps, is a rare tufted 

 rock plant with solitary deep blue fls. on stems 2 in. high. 

 Root-lvs. obovate, obtuse ; stem-lvs. ovate-oblong ; all Ivs. 

 sessile-entire : calyx hirsute, the lobes linear-lanceolate, a half 

 shorter than the deeply 5-cut, spreading corolla,— (7, Dahiirica, 



