CAEAGANA 



CARDIANDRA 



243 



Cara^ana 

 frutescens. 



BB. Machis persistent, spiny : pedicels shorter 

 than the fls. 



Chdmlagu, Lam. Shrub, 2-4 ft.: spines long: Ifts. 4, 

 in 2 somewhat remote pairs, chartaeeous, obovate, emar- 

 ginate or rounded at the 

 apex, glabrous, Ji-K in. long: 

 fls. solitary, reddish yellow, 

 13^in. long. May. N. China. 



pygmeea, DC. One to 3 

 ft. : spines short, Hin. : Ivs. 

 nearly sessile ; Ifts. 4, ap- 

 proximate and almost digi- 

 tate, cuneate, linear-elliptic 

 or linear-lanceolate, gla- 

 brous, }i-% in. long: fls. 

 solitary, ^4in. long, golden 

 yellow. Caue. to Siber. 

 and Thibet. B. R. 12: 1021. 

 — Grafted high on C. arbo- 

 rescens, it forms a graceful, 

 standard tree, with pendu- 

 lous branches. 



grandiHdra, DC. Similar 

 to the former. Lfts. cuneate- 

 oblong : fls. l^in. long ; 

 calyx gibbous at the base. 

 Cauc. — Under this name 

 mostly a variety of C. frutes- 

 cens is cultivated. 



C AUagdna, Polr.=C. micro- 

 phylla.— (7. arborescens arend- 

 ria, Hort.=C. microphylla.— (7. 

 arenaria, Dipp.=C. aurantiaca, 

 Koehne. — G. arendria. Loud., 

 see C. cuueifolia. — O. auranti- 

 dca, Koelme. Allied to C. pyg- 

 msea. Fls. orange-yellow; calyx 

 as long as broad: ovary glabrous. Siber.— O. brevispina.'Royle. 

 Spines 2-3 in. long: lfts. 12-16, pubescent: fls. 2--4, on a common 

 peduncle. Himal. P. F. G. 2: 18+.— O. cuneifblia. Dipp. CC. Re- 

 dowskii, Hort.,notDC.). Probably var. of C. arborescens. Stip- 

 nlBS spiny: lfts. small, cuneate ; pedicels sborter, pubescent : 

 seeds brown, spotted black. 0. arenaria. Loud. (B. II. 1886), 

 seems to be the same.— C. friitex, C. Kocb=C. frutescens— (7. 

 Oerardidna, Royle, Spines 13^-2 in. long: stipules large, scari- 

 ous: lfts. 8-12, densely pubescent: fls. 1-2, sbort-pedicelled. 

 Him al.— C gracilis, Hort.= C. pygmaea— (7. jubdta. Pall. 

 Branches spiny, -s-illous, thick, with rounded Ivs.: stipules 

 large, scarions : lfts. S-10, villous beneath : fls. whitish, sbort- 

 pedlcelled. Siber. P.S. 19:2013. L.B.C\6:522. Gt. 10:331. A 

 very distinct and curious looking species; hardy.— O. ii^edow- 

 skii, Hort., not DC.=euneifoIia, Dipp.— C sjyinbsa, DC. Spines 

 1 in. long: lfts. 4, rarely more, approximate, cuneate-lanceolate, 

 glabrous: fls. solitary, short-pedicelled. Siber.— O. spinosissima, 

 C. Koch = C. spinosa.— 0. tragacanthoidis. Voir. Spiny; lfts. 

 4-8, cuneate, oblong, pubescent : fls. solitary, sbort-pedicelled ; 

 calyx villons-pubescent. Himal.— C. triflbra, Lindl.=C. brevi- 

 spina.— (7. DKiffd™. Hort.=C. arborescens. 



Alfred Rehder. 



CAKAGUATA. By the latest monographer referred 

 to Guzmania, which see. 



CAKAMBdLA. See A verrhoa. 



CAEAWAY [Clirum Cdrui, Linn.). UmbelUferce. 

 A biennial or annual herb grown for its seeds, which 

 are used in flavoring bread, cakes and cheese ; also oc- 

 casionally for the young shoots and leaves, which are 

 eaten. It grows a foot or two high, has finely-cut, pin- 

 nately compound foliage, and small white flowers in 

 umbels. It is of the easiest culture. The seed is usu- 

 ally sown in spring and the crop of seed taken the fol- 

 lowing year. It thrives in any garden soU. The plant 

 occasionally runs wild. See Carum. 



CAEBfiNIA (name of doubtful meaning). Compds- 

 itoe. Blessed Thistle. A monotypic genus allied to 

 Centaurea, and distinguished from it botanically by 

 involucre, achenes, pappus and anthers. Its habit in 

 the garden is very different from the Bachelor's But- 

 tons, being thistle-like, and more interesting than orna- 

 mental. A hardy annual, low-growing herb, rough, 

 'branching and pilose. Once thought to counteract poi- 

 son. Culture easy. Fit for wild gardens and rockeries. 



henedicta, Adans. (Cdrduus benedlctu s , Authors. 

 On'icus benedictus, Liinn. Centaurea benedicta, Linn.). 

 Fig. 358. Height 2 ft.: Ivs. alternate, sinuat«-pinnatifld, 

 the lobes and teeth spiny: fls. terminal, yellow, 1 in. 

 wide. Mediterranean regions and Caucasus. Sometimes 

 cult. ; also rarely seen in waste places of southern Atlantic 

 states and Calif, as a weed adventive from Eu. 



CABSAMINE (Greek name of a cress). Cniciferm. 

 Small perennials growing in low, rich land, blooming in 

 spring or early summer. Petals obovate or spatulate ; 

 pods linear and straight, the wingless seeds in I row. 



prat^nsis, Linn. CncKOO Flower. Plant slender and 

 usually glabrous, 12-20 in., somewhat branched : Ivs. 

 pkmately divided; lfts. of root Ivs. small and rounded 

 (%in. or less across), those of the upper stem-lvs. ob- 

 long or even linear and entire or somewhat toothed : 

 fls. yi in. long, in a corymb, white or rose-color, pretty. 

 Eu. and Amer., in the northern parts.— In the gardens 

 it is chiefly known in the double-fld. form, which prob- 

 ably has been obtained from European rather than 

 American sources. There are other forms of it. It is 

 an excellent little plant to grow in moist places, particu- 

 larly along creeks and about springs. It is also useful 

 in drier places, as in rockeries. 



anguiata, Hook. Erect, 1-2 ft. high: Ivs. 3-5-folio- 

 late, the lfts. ovate or oblong and the middle one usu- 

 ally coarsely toothed : fls. rather large, white, in short, 

 few-fld. racemes. Mts. of Ore. and Wash.— Int. 1881 by 

 Gillett. 



C. gemmata, int. by Pilkington, 1892, is evidently Dentaria 

 macrocarpa. L H B 



CAEDAMON. See Amomum and Elettaria. 



358. Carbenia benedicta. 



CABDIANDBA (Greek, heart, and manor stamen: 

 alluding to the shape of the anthers). Saxifrag&cem. 

 Low deciduous shrub, allied to Hydrangea, with alter- 

 nate, rather large Ivs. : fls. in terminal, loose corymbs, 

 small, those of the margin large, radiant and sterile. 

 One species in S. Japan and China. Tender and suffruti- 

 cose, thriving iu any good garden soil ; best in a partly 

 shaded position. Prop, by greenwood cuttings under 

 glass. 



altemifdlia, Sieb. & Zucc. 1-3 ft. : Ivs. broadly ellip- 

 tic to elliptic-lanceolate, tapering into a very short 



