CHIOCOCCA 



white fls. and the white frs. Lvs. ovate to lanceolate, 

 thick and shining, entire : drupes }iin. in diam. Twin- 

 ing ; glabrous. L H. B. 



CHIOGENES (Greek, snow, offspring ; referring to 

 the snow-white berries). EricLcece. Trailing evergreen, 

 with small alternate lvs. and inconspicuous axillary fls.; 

 corolla 4-cleft ; stamens 8, included : berry white, hir- 

 sute. Two species in the colder regions of N. Amer. and 

 Japan. Slender trailing evergreens, in appearance much 

 like the cranberry, rarely cultivated. Thriving best in 

 moist and peaty soil, in a shaded position, creeping 

 amongst growing moss. Prop, by seeds, by division or 

 by cuttings in August under glass. The American spe- 

 cies, C. hispldula.Torr. & Gray ( O. serpyllifblia, Salisb.) , 

 has hirsute branches and ovate, Ji-%in.-long cUiate 

 lvs. and greenish white fls. Alfred Rehdee. 



CHIONANTHTTS (Greek for snow and flower; allud- 

 ing to the abundance of snow-white fls.). Oleiicece. 

 Feinge Tbeb. Shrubs or low trees, with deciduous, op- 

 posite and entire lvs. : fls. in loose panicles from lateral 

 buds at the end of last year's branches, white ; corolla 

 divided nearly to the base in 4 narrow petals ; stamens 

 2, short : fr. a 1-seeded oval drupe. Two species in E. 

 N. Amer. and China. Ornamental shrubs, with large, 

 dark green foliage, and very showy white fls. in early 

 summer. The American species is almost hardy north, 

 but requiring a somewhat sheltered position ; the Chinese 

 may be more tender, but it thrives in W. New York. 

 They thrive best in a somewhat moist and sandy loam, 

 and in a sunny position. Prop, by seeds sown in fall 

 or stratified ; increased also by layers and by grafting 

 under glass or budding in the open air on ash seedlings 

 (in Europe Fraxinus Ornus is preferred) ; sometimes 

 by cuttings from forced plants in early spring. 



Virginioa, Linn. Fig. 438. Large shrub or slender 

 tree, to 30 ft. : lvs. oval or oblong, acuminate, pubes- 

 cent beneath when young, mostly glabrous at length, 

 4-8 in. long : panicles 4-6 in. long, pendulous ; petals 

 1 in. long : fr. dark blue, oval, 1 in. long. May, June. 

 FromPenn. toFla. andTex. L. B.C. 13: 1264. Gt. 16:564. 

 Mn. 2:154. G.F. 7: 325. -Variable in shape and pubes- 

 cence of the lvs., and several varieties have been dis- 

 tinguished, but none of 

 them sufficiently distinct 

 for horticultural uses. 

 Handsome shrubs. 



C. retina, Lindl. (C. Chinen- 

 sis, Max.). Lvs. obovate, ob- 

 tuse or acute, sometunes 

 emarglnate : petals shorter 

 and broader, oblong; panicles 

 more compact, shorter and 

 erect. China. P.F.G. 3,p.85. 

 G.C.n. 23:821. Gt. 35, p. 667. 

 A.G.13:374. Mn. 2:157. G.F. 

 7:827! A.G. 20:107. 



Alpked Rehder. 



CHI0N0D6XA (Greek, 

 snow a.nd glory ) . lyiUctcece. 

 A small genus of hardy 

 bulbous plants. Natives 

 of Crete and Asia Minor 

 (Mt. Taurus). Very closely 

 allied to Scilla, but differs, 

 among other characters, in 

 having a short tube to the 

 corolla. Fls. small and 

 blue (running into white and red forms), with recurved- 

 spreading acute segments, dilated filaments, and small 

 or capitate stigma. These are among the best of early- 

 flowering plants, blooming in February, March and April, 

 according to the locality, with the early Snowdrops and 

 Scillas. Since their introduction to cultivation by Mr. Maw 

 in 1877, they have been widely cultivated under the 

 popular name of "Glory of the Snow," in allusion to their 

 early blooming habit. G. Lucilim is the most widely 

 cultivated species. This varies much in color, the type 

 having fls. whose petals are more or less deeply tipped 

 with blue, shading to white at their bases. C. Liicilice 

 also occurs with pure white fls., and in reddish and 

 pink forms. C, Sardensis has smaller fls. of a deeper 



CHIONODOXA 



299 



tone of blue and without the white markings of the petals. 

 There are two varieties of this, one with white and 

 the other with black stamens. Chionodoxas hybridize 



438. Chionanthus Virginioa. 



439. Chionodoxa Luciliae (Xi4). 



with Scilla, and the hybrids are sometimes known as 

 Chionoscillas. 



Chionodoxas thrive in any fertile soil, well drained 

 and not too heavy, and in any exposure, the main requi- 

 site for growth being that they have light and an ade- 

 quate supply of moisture while growing and till the 

 foliage is ripened. The bulbs should be planted about 

 3 inches deep, and closely, say an inch or two apart. Lift 

 and replant about third year. They need no winter 

 covering. They flower well in pots in winter in a cool- 

 house temperature. Must be forced only gently, and 

 given abundance of air, light and moisture. They are 

 increased by offsets and seeds, which they produce 

 freely. Under favorable conditions, they increase rapidly 

 by self-sown seeds. Preferably, seeds should be sown 

 in a frame, and may be expected to germinate the follow- 

 ing winter. C. Tmoldsi, Hort., is a late-blooming form, 

 bright blue and white. 



LucilisB, Boiss. Glory op the Snow. Fig. 439. Bulb 

 ovoid, brown-coated : lvs. long and narrow, two or three 

 with each stem : scape 3-6 in. high, bearing a dozen or 

 less bright blue, more or less hanging, white-centered 

 fls. Asia Minor and Crete. B.M. 6433. Gn. 28, p. 179.— 

 Buns into several forms, one of which has white fls. O. 

 gigantea, Hort., is evidently a larger form of it, distinct 

 in habit. O. granditlbra, Hort., is the same. 



Sardensis, Hort. Fls. smaller, much darker blue, with 

 no white in the eye. Sardis. Gn.28: 505.— Probablv a 

 form of the preceding. 



