Tlie lirst indi- 

 cations of the 

 real taifja vege- 

 tation. 



Hypericum perforalum, Hypericum Ascyron, Saginu procumbens, Tussilago tarfaia, 

 Veronica serpyllifolia, Veronica ps'eudolongifolia nov. spec, Ceiaslium vulgalum, 

 Cei-astium pilosum, Tanacelum vulgaie, Stachys silualica, Lamium album, Ulmaria 

 Filipendula, Ciicaea Luteliana, Solanum Dulcamara var. peisicum, and Lychnis 

 chalcedonica. 



Wherever the ground is swampy, and in water-pools, are to found various helophy- 

 tes and hydrophytes: 



Carex caespitosa, Carex cyperoides, Parnassia paluslris, Rumex aquaticus. Polygonum 

 Hydropiper, Juncus filiformis, Ranunculus sceleraius, Alisma Planlago, Tgpha latifolia, 

 Nymphaea Candida, Spaiganium simplex, Potamogeton nutans, Sagittaria alpina, and 

 Lemna minor. 



On the banks of the Amyl, in sandy places Salix capiea, Salix viminalis, Salix 

 fragilis, Populus laurifolia, Dianlhus superbus, and Pulsatilla patens are commonly seen. 



On moist wooded hill-sides accompanying spruce and fir, are especially to be found 

 the following as the first representatives of the flora attending the real coniferous forest 

 pushing forward here: 



Heracleum dissectum. Car-ex tenuiflora, Carex loliacea, Aconiium laeve, Delphinium 

 elaium. Geranium silvaticum, Pedicularis uncinata. Anemone dichotoma, Carex globularis, 

 Majanthemum bifolium, Athyrium Filix femina, Onoclea Struthopteris, and Pteridium 

 aquilinum, a plant-society becoming more and more widely distributed further to the 

 south, and gradually richer in individuals as well as in species. 



About Kushabar, the strata of the Devonian formation altogether come to an end, 

 and the traveller enters the large area of eruptive rocks forming the Sayansk moun- 



Fig. 17. View on llie village of Kushabar. In the background the taige with the exlreme spurs 



of the Sayansk mountains. 



