various pretty typical situations I have met with. The different plant-societies merge 

 of course gradually into each other. 



Fig. 13. From the Abakan Steppe near Askys. Typical grass-steppe 



mainly with Koeleria gracilis and Festuca ovina sabspec. sulcata In 



the background reddish-grey Devonian sandstone hills reaching 



100—150 m. above the ground. 



On sandy steppes near Ust Abakansk on the eastern bank of the river, I have 

 collected the following plants at the beginning of June: 



Koeleiia gracilis, Festuca ovina var. sulcata, Carex supina, Carex pediformis, Carex 

 stenophylla, Stipa pennata var. Joannis, Triticum cristalum var. imbricatum, Eiitrichium 

 pectinatum, (especially commom on the «Kurgans») Androsaces maxima, Echinospermum 

 Lappula var. anisacanthum. Astragalus stenoceras, Poientilla soongorica sabspec. glandulosa 

 nov. subspec, Leptopgrum fumarioides, Thermopsis lanceolata, Algssum alpestre, Astragalus 

 testiculatus, Onosma echioides var. Gmelini (some few scattered specimens here and 

 there somewhat overtopping the common low steppe vegetation, are visible at a great 

 distance because of their gaudy light yellowish colour), Iris flavissima, and Cotyledon 

 spinosa (in June only found rosettes). 



In rather stony places, on declivities, etc., are here to he found Lychnis sibirica, 

 Poientilla subacaulis. Thymus Serpyllum var. a ngusti folium, Thalictrum petaloideum, 

 Oxylropis pilosa, Scrophularia incisa, and Dracocephalum nutans. 



Here and there on the steppe are to be found some slightly moister slopes with 

 open brushwood consisting chiefly of Caragana arboiescens and Cotoneaster melunocarpa, 

 and with the following plants characteristic of these habitats: 



Spiraea hypericifolia, Scorzonera radiala, Solidago Virgaurea, Aster alpinus, 

 Genliana humilis. Iris ruthenica. Iris ensata, Hesperis matronalis var. sibirica, Myosotis 



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