Distribution: Europe, except tlie extreme south, Caucasia and south-western Asia, 

 Siberia, northwards to 68%° north latitude and eastwards to Kamtchatka and the Amoor 

 Province, Manchooria, northern China, Mongolia, Tibet, the Himalayas, Japan, Sakhalin, 

 North and South America, Greenland, Australia. 



Sibbaldia procumbens L. Spec. PI. ed. II (1762) p. 307; Ledeb. Fl. Alt. I, p. 428; 

 Turczan. Cat. Baical. no. 433; Karel. et Kiril. Enum. PI. Fl. Alt. no. 317; Ledeb. Fl. Ross. 

 II, p. 32; Turczan. Fl. Baical.-Dahur. (1843) p. 627, no. 424; KptiJi. $jr. Ajit. 11(1903) p. 363. 



Pretty common in the Altaian, in dry, gravelly places, etc., where I have met with 

 it in subalpine wooded tracts (at an altitude of 900 m. above sea-level, on the Upper 

 Sisti-kem), together with Betula rotundifolia, and right up to the perennial snow. Speci- 

 mens taken in subalpine tracts, bearing nearly ripe fruits at the end of July. These last- 

 mentioned ones are distinguished by a more luxuriant growth, and generally have com- 

 paratively long peduncles, overtopping, or, at any rate, equalling the leaves. Ascherson et 

 Graebner, Synops. VI, I (1904) p. 662, record the range of this species only to comprise 

 Europe, referring the Asiatic one to a nearly allied species S.paryz/?07-oiWiLLD.Neue Schr. 

 Naturf. Fr. Berlin, II (1799) p. 125. My material from northern Mongoha agrees per- 

 fectly, at any rate, even in detail, with specimens of the typical S. procumbens from Scan- 

 dinavia, and can be separated in on respects from these. In Fl. Ross. II, p. 32, Ledebour 

 also refers S. parviflora as a synonym under S. procumbens, and this species is also 

 entered byTuRCZANiNOw in Fl. Baical.-Dahur., the classical work on eastern Siberia. The 

 specimens taken by me in more elevated localities, are, in comparison with the above- 

 mentioned material from subalpine tracts, as might have been expected, on the whole less 

 luxuriant, more densely tufted, with smaller and more shortly petioled leaves, shorter 

 peduncles, and sometimes with smaller flowers, which, however, at the highest, only entit- 

 les to enter these somewhat reduced specimens as a habitat modification. By minute 

 dissections and comparisons I have found that the variations of my Mongolian speci- 

 mens at large are within the limits of the Scandinavian material, and that tlae typical 

 , Sibbaldia procumbens therefore, no doubt, also occurs in Asia. 



Distribution: Arctic and alpine tracts of Europe, arctic Siberia, the Altai and 

 Sayansk regions, northern Mongolia, Russian Turkestan, the Himalayas, Tibet, North 

 America. 



Sibbaldia adpressa Bunge in Ledeb. Fl. Alt. I, p. 428; Bunge, Enum. Alt. p. 17; Tur- 

 czan. Cat. Baical. no. 434; Ledeb. Fl. Ross. II, p. 33; Turczan. Fl. Baical.-Dahur. (1843) 

 p. 628, no. 425; Kptiji. (lu. Am. II (1903) p. 364. 



On dry cliffs on the Abakan Steppe. Nearly past flowering in the middle of June. 



Dislribulion: Southern Siberia (Ihe eastern Altai, estwards to Trans Baikal), Mongolia. 



Cha'maerhodos erecta Bunge in Ledeb. Fl. Alt. I, p. 430; Turczan. Cat. Baical. no. 

 437; Karel. et Kiril. Enum. PI. Fl. Alt. no. 316; Ledeb. Fl. Ross. II, p. 33; Turczan. Fl. 

 BaicaL-Dahur. (1843) p. 630, no. 427; EpBui. ^ji. Ajit. II (1903) p. 360. 



290 



