of the taiga down into the steppe region, and is in the Sayansk district more common than 

 the main species. I have collected it in the Amyl valley, at Ust^ Algiac, Ust Sisti-kem, on 

 the Kamsara, and at Ust Tara-kem. 



Distribution: The typical species occurs in northern and middle Europe, south- 

 wards to middle Spain and Italy, Caucasia, throughout Siberia, northwards to 70° 30' 

 north lat., Turkestan, northern Mongolia, the Himalayas, northern China, Manchooria, 

 Corea, Japan, North America, Greenland. The subspecies incarnata is confined to the 

 eastern portions of Asia, roughly from the Sayansk mountains to Kamtchatka, north- 

 ern Mongolia, China, Manchooria, Japan, north-western America (Sitka Island). 



Pyrola media Swartz in Act. Holm. (1804) p. 257; Ledeb. Fl. Ross. II, p. 929; Herder, 

 PI. Radd. (1872) p. 361, no. 57; Kptu. $i. Aot. Ill (1904) p. 796. 



In coniferous forest on the river Amyl, near Semiretska. In full flower in the middle 

 of July. This plant seemed to be rare in Siberia. Thus, as late as in 1872, it was not 

 known from Siberia at all, as Herder, 1. c. writes: „Ihr Vorkommen in Sibiria dagegen 

 ist zwar sehr wahrscheinlich, aber nocli nicht nachgewiesen". Later on, however, it 

 has been found in western Siberia, in the governments of Tobolsk and Tomsk, but not 

 heretofore — as far as I know — in the government of Yeniseisk, where my finding- 

 place on the river Amyl thus represents its most eastern locality as yet known in 

 Siberia. 



Distribution: Northern and middle Europe, Russia, Caucasia, Asia Minor, Sibe- 

 ria, eastwards roughly to the Yenisei, Japan? 



Pyrola minor L. Spec. PL ed. II (1762) p. 567; Ledeb. Fl. Alt. II, p. 99; Turczan. Cat. 

 Baical. no. 749; Ledeb. Fl. Ross. II, p. 930; Turczan. Fl. Baical.-Dahur. (1848) p. 506, 

 no. 753; Herder, PI. Radd. (1872) p. 362. no. 58; Kptui. ^j. Ajtt. II (1904) p. 797. 



Scattered in somewhat dry coniferous forest at Kushabar, near the river Algiac, and 

 at Ust Sisti-kem. In full flower in the second half of July. 



Distribution: Northern and middle Europe, southwards to northern Spain, north- 

 ern Italy and Bulgaria, Caucassia, Siberia, in the Yenisei valley northwards to past 70" 

 north lat., and eastwards to Kamtchatka, northern Mongolia, Sakhalin, Japan, North Ame- 

 rica, Greenland. 



Pyrola secunda L. Spec. PI. ed. II (1762) p. 568; Ledeb. Fl. Alt. II, p. 98; Turczan. 

 Cat. Baical. no. 748; Ledeb. Fl. Ross. H, p. 930; Turczan. Fl. Baical.-Dahur. (1848) p. 

 507, no. 754; Herder, PI. Radd. (1872) p. 367, no. 61; Kptiju. Oji. Ajit. Ill (1904) p. 798. 



This species is pretty common near Ust Kamsara, where I have collected it with half 

 ripe fruits about the middle of August It occurs on dry, mossy tussocks. 



Distribution: Europe, except the extreme south, Caucasia and south-western por- 

 tions of Asia to the I'hian-Shan, throughout Siberia, in the Yenisei valley northwards to 

 past 70° north lat., eastwards to Kamtchatka and the Amoor Province, northern Mongo- 

 lia, Manchooria, Corea, Japan, North America, Greenland. 



337 



