(1865) p. 408, no. 79. Ptarmica impatiens DC Prodrom. VI, p. 22; Ledeb. Fl. Ross. II, p. 

 527; Turczan. Fl. Baical.-Dahur. (1846) p. 171, no. 591; EpBu. $jr. Aax. Ill (1904) p. 615. 



In somewhat dry meadows on islets in the river Abakan, on dry hills, in thickets of 

 foliage trees, and the like, on the road between Minusinsk and Kushabar, near Ust Algiac, 

 at Ust Sisti-kem, and Ust Tara-kem. In full flower at the beginning of July. 



Distribution: Siebenburgen, Siberia, northwards to past 70° north lat, eastwards 

 roughly to Lake Baikal, northern Mongolia. 



Chrysanthemum Leucanthemum L. var.ircutianum (Turczan. spec.) Krylow, $j. Ajit. 

 Ill (1904) p. 618. C. ircutianum Turczan. Cat. Baical. no. 605. Leucanthemum ircutia- 

 num DC. Prodrom. VI, p. 47; Turczan. Fl. Baical.-Dahur. (1846) p. 177, no. 596; Ledeb. 

 Fl. Ross. II, p. 543. C. Leucanthemum in Ledeb. Fl. Alt. IV, p. 115. Leucanthemum vul- 

 gare Lam., Herder, PI. Radd. (1865) p. 412, no. 84. 



This variety, which differs from the typical plant by having the achenes of the ray- 

 flowers furnished with a short, membranous pappus, more or less toothed and tattered at 

 the top, especially occurs in the most eastern range of the species. In my material there 

 are to be found all transitions between specimens with a Avell developed pappus, to near- 

 ly 1 mm. long, and specimens with the pappus nearly altogether wanting or only tra- 

 ceable as a low mound on the upper ends of the achenes. A total absence of pappus I 

 have not been able to point out among this Siberian material. Some specimens have it, 

 however, only unilaterally developed, and then it seemed — to judge from my material — 

 always to occur on the ventral side, that is, on the open side of the flower facing the 

 centre of the head inwards. By an examination of the collections of this species at the 

 University of Christiania, I have been able to point out that the pappus is sometimes also 

 to be found on the achenes of the rays among Scandinavian specimens, and, accordingly, 

 that there occur forms in Scandinavia agreeing perfectly with var. ircutianum, a fact 

 showing that this variety is hardly distinct from the typical European plant. I have, 

 nevertheless, chosen to enter the Siberian ones collected by me, under the name of var. 

 ircutianum, as it appears — according to my experience — that the pappus in the speci- 

 mens of the East is mostly larger, more distinctly developed, and occurs as a general 

 rule, while, in European material, the pappus is generally very small and indistinct, only 

 appearing as a rare exception. Thus, there is, after all, a difference between the specimens 

 to be found in the western and those occurring in the eastern ranges of the species, albeit 

 only a difference of degree. The fruits are often nearly completely coal black when 

 ripe, with about 10 longitudinal ribs of a light yellow. 



Of rather common occurrence in open forest of foliage trees, in natural meadows, on 

 grass-grown river-banks, etc., in many places on the road between Minusinsk and Kush- 

 abar, where I have collected it in flower and partly done flowering towards the middle 

 of July. The specimens collected vary considerably in the size of the heads, the shape 

 and incision of the leaves. 



Distribution: Europe, except the arctic regions and southern parts, Caucasia, Sibe- 



420 



