between this species and 5. aurantiacus DC, as the characters which are recorded to 

 separate these 2 species, are very trite and relative, and seemed to pass completely into 

 each other. The deep orange colour recorded to be characteristic of the latter, is of 

 secondary systematic importance, as it is also to be iound in authentic forms- oiS.campest- 

 ris from alpine tracts and arctic regions. It would, probably, in point of classification, be 

 right to maintain the name of S. integrifolius (L.) Clairv. ^ Cineraria integrifolia (L.) 

 MuR. = Othomia integrifolia L., in which are comprised both the species S. campestris 

 and S. aurantiacus. I have collected this species in dry, sandy meadows on islets in the 

 river Abakan, between Ust Kamuishto and Ust Abakansk, where, in places, it is very 

 common. In full flower in the second half of June. 



Distribution: Over the greater part of Europe, Caucasia, Siberia, northwards to to- 

 wards 71° north lat., eastwards to the Tshuktsher Peninsula and the Amoor Province, 

 northern Mongolia, Manchooria, Corea, northern China, Japan. In North America re- 

 placed by the nearly allied S. tomentosus Michx. 



Carlina vulgaris L. Spec. PI. ed. II (1763) p. 1161; Turczan. Cat. Baical. no. 693; Tur- 

 czan. Fl. Baical.-Dahur. (1847) p. 49, no. 672; Herder, PL Radd. (1868) p. 51, no. 192. 



var. nebrodensis (Gusson) Krylow, 1. c. C. nebrodensis Gusson, Ledeb. Fl. Alt. IV, 

 p. 13; Karel. et Kiril. Enum. PI. Fl. Alt. no. 507; Ledeb. Fl. Ross. II, p. 675. 



On dry, grass-grown declivities, in thickets of foliage and coniferous trees near 

 Kushabar. Young flowers about the middle of July. 



Distribution: Europe, northwards to middle Scandina^^a, Caucasia and Asia Minor, 

 southern Siberia, eastwards roughly to Lake Baikal. 



Lappa tomentosa Lamarck, Ericycl. I (1783) p. 377; Turczan. Cat. Baical. no. 668; 

 Ledeb. Fl. Ross. II, p. 749; Turczan. Fl. Baical.-Dahur. (1847) p. 58, no. 680; Kpi.i.i. 5)j. 

 Ajit. Ill (1904) p. 685. Arctium tomentosum Schkuhr, Ledeb. Fl. Alt. IV, p. 37. 



Rather frequent about Minusinsk and Kushabar, and near habitations in the Amyl 

 valley. 



Distribution: Nearly all over Europe, except tlie southern parts, Caucasia, south- 

 western Asia, Siberia, northwards to about 63° 50' north lat, and eastwards to the govern- 

 ment of Irkutsk, North America (adventive from Europe). 



Carduus crispus L. Spec. PI. ed. II (1763) p. 1150; Ledeb. Fl. Alt IV, p. 36; Turczan. 

 Cat. Baical. no. 674; Karel. et Kiril. Enum. PI. Fl. Alt no. 516; Ledeb. Fl. Ross. II, p. 720; 

 Turczan. Fl. BaicaL-Dahur. (1847) p. 51, no. 673; Herder, PI. Radd. (1870) p. 81, no. 195; 

 EpBiJi. $JE. Ajt. Ill (1904) p. 687. 



Scattered in the tracts along the river Abakan, especially near cultivated places, such 

 as Ust Abakansk and Askys, here and there by the road bet^Yeen Minusinsk and 

 Kushabar, and in dry places at Ust Sisti-kem and Ust Tara-kem. Specimens collected in 

 June have only leaves. 



430 



