384 Appendix 
kindred beings, perpetually seen, heard, and smelt, will 
come to form a predominant part of consciousness—so 
predominant a part that absence of it will inevitably 
cause discomfort.” °8 
Finally we are all well aware of the powerful influence 
of the habits of life current in any family circle during 
the earliest years of a child’s life—“nurture” in its broad 
sense, as Galton would say—because from these habits 
arise and grow the feelings and moral tendencies which 
remain impressed upon the whole life as though they 
were “innate.” 34 
In short from these few instances adduced simply in 
explanation of our position, we see how profound is the 
truth contained in the saying that habit is a “second 
nature.” 
But if to a certain extent we can see the most diverse 
tendencies originate by way of habit before our very eyes, 
then we may also attribute a similar mnemonic origin to 
all affective tendencies, since the nature of innate tenden- 
cies differs in no wise from that of acquired tendencies. 
Very similarly in the case of morphological evolution we 
may consider that the Lamarckians are quite justified in 
drawing from the few observable cases of adaptation ac- 
quired during life, the conclusion that the entire structure 
of the organism owes its existence to an infinite number 
of similar functional adaptations. 
Hence we may complete the saying quoted above with 
the phrase that on the other hand “nature” is nothing 
but a “former habit.” 
33Spencer, op. cit., II, 626. 
34Francis Galton, Jnquiries into Human Faculty and Its Devel- 
opment, pp. 208-216. London, MacMillan, 1883. 
