184 45. COMPOSITE. 



Branches of tlie style surmounted by short cones. Fr. 

 compressed, angular, rough at the edges ; the angles ending 

 in 2 — 5 hispid bristles. 



Suborder II. OTNAROOEPHALE^. 



Flowers all tubular. Style usually thiolrish below its branches, 

 which often combine into a more or less perfect cylinder. In- 

 volucre imbricate. 



a. Basal scar of fr. transverse, rounded. Anthers tailed. 



25. Sausstjrba. F1. all perfect. Phyll. unarmed. Recep- 

 tacle scaly. Pappus in two rows, outer of short rough 

 bristles, inner feathery. 



26. Oaelina. F1. all perfect. Outer -phyll. lax, leaflike spi- 

 nous ; inner linear, membranous, coloured and resembling 

 a ray. Receptacle with cleft scales. Pappus in one row 

 branched and feathery, united in a ring below. 



27. Arctium. Involucre globose. Fhyll. ending in hooked 

 points. Receptacle flat, with rigid subulate scales. Fr. 

 compressed, oblong. Pappus short, hairlike, distinct. 



h. Fr. attached obliquely. Anthers scarcely tailed. 



\* Pappus in many rows of different lengths ; inner row longest, 

 longer than the fruit. 



28. Sbebatula. Heads dioecious by abortion. Phyll. sharp, 

 unarmed. Scales of the receptacle split longitudinally into 

 linear bristles. Fr. compressed, not beaked; basal scar 

 oblique. Pappus persistent. 



** Pappus in many rows, unequal ; second row longest, equal to 

 or shorter than the fruit ; rarely none. 



29. Centaueba. Anthers with papillose fllaments. Recep- 

 tacle chaffy. Fr. attached laterally above the base to the 

 receptacle. Pappus hairlike, rarely 0. 



c. Fr. with a transverse basal scar. Pappus in many rows, 

 equal, long. Anth. scarcely tailed. 



SO. Onopoedttm. Receptacle honeycombed. Fr. 4-ribbed. 

 Pappus rough. Otherwise like Carduus. 



31. Cabduus. Phyll. simple, spinous, pointed. Receptacle 

 with fimbriate scales. Fr. compressed, oblong. Pappus 

 long, hairlike or feathery, united into a ring at the base and 

 deciduous. — ^Includes Cnicus Linn, and Circium DC. 



