45. COMPOSITE. 185 



d. Fv. with a transverse basal scar. Pappus in many rows. 

 Filaments monadelphous, glabrous. Antb. scarcely tailed. 



82. SiLTBTjM. Pbyll. leaflike at the base, narrowed into 

 a long spreading spinous point. Receptacle scaly. Fr. 

 compressed, its terminal scar surrounded by a papillose ring. 

 Pappus hair- or scale-like, united into a ring at the base, 

 deciduous. 



Suborder III. OIOHORIA.CE^ or LIGULIPLORiE. 

 Flowers all ligulate and perfect. — Juice milky. 



* Pappus 0. Receptacle without scales. 



33. Lapsana. Heads 8— 12-flowered. Phyll. in 1 row, 

 erect, with 4 — 5 short bracts at their base. Fr. com- 

 pressed, striate, deciduous, not enveloped in the phyllaries. 



•* Pappus like a crown, or of many entire broad scales. Hecep- 

 iacle without scales. 



34. Abnosbkis. Heads many-flowered. Phyll. in 1 row, 

 about 12, keeled, linear-lanceolate, at length converging, a 

 few small bracts at their base. Fr. angular, crowned with 

 a short elevated entire margin. 



36. CicHOEiinvt. Head many- flowered. Phyll. in 2 rows, 

 outer of about 5, lax, shortish ; inner of 8 — 10, longer, con- 

 verging, at length reflexed. Receptacle sometimes slightly, 

 pilose. Fr. obovate, compressed striate. Pappus of 2 rows 

 of minute erect chafiy scales. 



*** Pappus feathery . Receptacle scaly. 



36. Htpochcebis. Heads many-flowered. Phyll. oblong, 

 imbricate. Fr. glabrous, muricate, often beaked. Pappus 

 in 2 rows, outer short and setaceous, inner long and fea- 

 thery ; or in 1 row and feathery. 



*** Pappus feathery, or on the exterior fruit scaly. Receptacle 

 without scales. 



37. Theincia. Inv. oblong. Phyll. in 1 row, with a few 

 additional at the base. Fr. beaked. Pappus in 2 rows ; 

 outer setaceous, deciduous ; inner longer, feathery, dilated 

 at the base. Marginal row of fruits enveloped in the 

 phyllaries, scarcely beaked, and with a short crown-like 

 pappus. 



38. Lbontodon, Inv. subimbricate ; exterior phyll. much 



