SEEBAItfLA. — CENIAimEA. 203 



gradually subulate, subcylindrical upper part of fl. as long as 

 the lower part.— %. U. B. 700. Fl. Dan. 2663. R. xv. 812. 

 A. puhens Bab. — St. about 3 feet high. L. deeply cordate-pro- 

 longed; petioles hoUow, scarcely angular, slightly furrowed. 

 Stalks of the heads rather long, those of the lower heads longest. 

 Heads usually with much wool, twice as large as those of A. 

 minus. Fr. dark brown with a few paler spots towards the 

 top.— Waste places. B. VIII. E. I 



Section 2. SEMRATULE^. Heads many-flowered ; flowers 

 all tubular, perfect or dioecious, the external row sometimes 

 female. luTolucre of many rows of distinct phyllaries. Fila- 

 ments distinct. Pappus in many rows of different lengths, inner 

 row longest, hairlike or feathery, surrounded by a margin. 



28. Seerat'ttla Linn. Saw-wort. 



1. S. tinctdria (L.) ; 1. with bristly serratures pinnatifid or 

 lyrate, heads oblong, phyll. ovate adpressed, inner ones linear 

 coloured.— «y. E. B. 708. St. 3. 16— St. 2—3 feet high, straight, 

 erect, angular, branched above. L. rarely entire. Fl. purple. — 

 a ; heads stalked in a lax corymb. — ^. S. moniicola (Bor.) ; heads 

 subsessile few large close together. E. B. 38. — Groves and 

 thickets. P. VIII. E. 



Section 3. CENTAUB.EJE. Heads many-flowered, discoidal; 

 outer row of fl. usually barren, enlarged, irregular. Phyllaries 

 in many rows. Filaments distinct. Pappus in many rows of 

 different lengths, second row longest, setaceo-pilose, placed within 

 the margin ^ohich surrounds the epigynous disk, rarely 0. 



29. Centatj'eea Linn. Knapweed. 



* Phyll. with a scarious pectinate not decurrent appendage. 



[C Jdcea (L.) ; phyll.-appendages erect rounded, pappus 0, 

 1. linear-lanceolate lower 1. broader and toothed. — E. B. 1678. 

 — Outermost phyll. with deeply pinnatifid appendages, few 

 innermost entire, the rest irregularly jagged. Heads radiant. — 

 Not native. P. VHIIX.] 



1. C. nigra Q-i.) ; phyll.-appendages patent or erect lanceolate 

 or ovate-lanceolate pectinate their teeth subulate, pappus or 

 short deciduous, 1. lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate acute. — St. 

 i — 2 ft. high. L. green ; lower narrowed into long stalks, entire 

 or sinuate-dentate ; upper sessile. Heads globose. Few inner- 

 most phyll.-appendages torn. Fr. oblong, downy. — «. C. nigra 

 (L.) ; phyll.-appendage3 erect or patent ovate-lanceolate usually 

 quite covering the phyll. their teeth long. E. B. 278. Mart. 

 Fl. Bust. 130. R. XV. 761. St. usually with long l-teaded 



